Shifting Ideas about God and Man The Renaissance Shifting Ideas about God and Man

Middle Ages Review What do you remember about the Middle Ages? political structure? influence of religion? Why did people call it the Dark Ages?

Pre-Renaissance: The Middle Ages People were more concerned about surviving each day rather than studying or creating art People depended on the church and their feudal lord for survival The Catholic Church had ultimate power and was the only Christian religion in the region

Pre-Renaissance: The Middle Ages Middle Ages art focused on death and God The Church was the center of life for peasants, knights, and kings alike Before the Renaissance, Christianity was the dominate force in learning, science, and medicine People thought that diseases like the Plague were a punishment from God and not that they were caused by unsanitary conditions

Middle Ages Art

Middle Ages Art

Rebirth During this time, European scholars and artists studied the books and art from the Greek and Roman Empires more and more. Ideas from famous philosophers like Socrates, Aristotle, and Plato inspired Europeans to come up with new ideas. The word Renaissance comes from the Latin word renascor which means rebirth. The Renaissance is considered to be the ‘rebirth of the human spirit’

The Renaissance During the Renaissance many new ideas, inventions, literature and artwork were created The Renaissance began in Italy and spread to other areas in Europe Artwork changed from being all about God to all about Man Architecture copied Roman and Greek designs New literature (thanks to the printing press) was written about man and philosophy

Renaissance Art

Renaissance Art School of Athens – Raphael

Humanism This was an intellectual movement at the core of the Renaissance Humanists studied the classical culture of Greece and Rome Humanists looked at the role of MAN in the world and placed MAN at the center, instead of GOD. Humanism was the belief in the STRENGTH of humanity, the idea that WE can find solutions to our own problems out of our CREATIVITY and GOODNESS

The Printing Press Before the printing press in the Middle Ages, all books had to be copied BY HAND (mostly by monks/religious officials) Printing Presses were machines that printed copies of a text using plates and ink Allowed ideas to be spread throughout Europe Johannes Gutenberg built the first press and printed the complete version of the Bible Literacy rates increased

Scientific Revolution The emergence of modern science with developments in math, physics, astronomy, biology, anatomy, and chemistry Scholars looked beyond scripture (bible) to find answers on how the world works Development of scientific theories and practices

The Protestant Reformation A divide in Western Christianity Led by Martin Luther, John Calvin, and other philosophers Attempted to reform the Roman Catholic Church’s corruption, rigid structure of priesthood, and selling ofindulgences Indulgences = payment for admission to heaven Protestant Christians break from the Catholic Church and develop their own ideas on worship

The Enlightenment the era in which cultural and intellectual forces in Western Europe emphasized reason, analysis and individualism rather than traditional lines of authority challenged the authority of institutions that were deeply rooted in society, such as the Catholic Church; there was much talk of ways to reform society with toleration, science and skepticism.

Age of Exploration Why does it happen? New ideas and technology from the Middle East during the Crusades created a curiosity in Europeans to seek out and interact with different places. Profit from oceanic trade encourages further investment and exploration for new and better trade routes to more and more markets to buy and sell goods.

Figures of the Renaissance Through art, invention, scientific learning, or philosophy, the Renaissance was full of individuals who created long lasting impacts on the world today. John Locke Jean Jacque Rousseau Rene Descartes Francis Bacon Cesare Beccaria Nicolas Copernicus Galileo Galilei Johannes Kepler Isaac Newton William Harvey John Calvin Henry VIII Martin Luther Johannes Gutenberg Ulrich Zwingli