Unit 12 Lesson 15: Limiting Power Warm Up! MATERIALS TRUE OR FALSE? Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine implemented the court system, and common law to improve the justice system in medieval England, but the King still made all of the judgments! Student Pages – 405 OLS Lesson 15 Enthusiasm!

Standards and Objectives 8.4.7.B: Explain the importance of historical documents, artifacts, and sites which are critical to world history. Students will explain the development of the Magna Carta Students will Analyze excerpts from the Magna Carta to assess its impact on future political thought. Students will explore the Magna Carta's legacy to democratic government. Essential Question How do we in America know what is allowed and not allowed? What documents help us?

Introduction

How did it all begin? King Richard the Lionheart of England Out in the Holy Lands fighting the Crusades. Only spent 10 months of his reign in England His brother John plotted to gain power while he was away. When Richard died in 1199, John became king. Good lookin fellas eh?

Some say he was the worst monarch ever to sit on the English throne. “Too late to be known as John the First  He's sure to be known as John the worst”  He ignored the Great Council. A Group of nobles who gathered to advise the king and help make laws. Fought with church leaders in England. Got into wars and would just raise taxes to pay for them. Some say he was the worst monarch ever to sit on the English throne. Crafty Treacherous Awful temper

Enough is Enough The nobles and church leaders had enough. Gathered their own army. Threatened rebellion. Rather than fight a civil war John called a truce. In 1215, the nobles presented a document to John to sign against his will.

Magna Carta – “Great Charter” Where have you seen the word “charter” before? Agora Cyber Charter School http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/charter

The Magna Carta Stated the nobles and church had certain rights King swore to respect those rights Changed English people’s view of justice and government Consider the cornerstone of modern constitutional governments.

Magna Carta Discussion STILL THERE?! Magna Carta Discussion NEXT!

Magna Carta Analysis Class Work! Open up your Student Pages to page 246 We are going to read aloud sections taken from the Magna Carta and answer questions. Copy down the answers as we discuss them and put them up on the board.

Excerpt One Preamble “Know ye that we, unto the honor of Almighty God, and for the salvation of the souls of our progenitors and successors, Kings of England, to the advancement of holy Church, and amendment of our Realm, of our meer and free will, have given and granted to all Archbishops, Bishops, Abbots, Priors, Earls, Barons, and to all freemen of this our realm, these liberties following, to be kept in our kingdom of England for ever.” Student Pages 246!

Questions 1 through 5 1. What is the simple subject of the sentence (the person, place, thing, or idea that is doing the action)? _________________________________ 2. What is the verb in the sentence (the action)? 3. What is the direct object of the sentence (answers the question “what”)? 4. Who will receive the liberties promised by the Magna Carta and how long will they last? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. Who is making this promise? ________________________________________________________ 1. The simple subject of the sentence is “we.” 2. The verb in the sentence is “have given and granted.” 3. The direct object of the sentence is “liberties.” 4. Archbishops, bishops, abbots, priors, earls, barons, and all freemen would receive the liberties granted in the Magna Carta, and they would have those liberties forever. 5. King John is making this promise, and he is also speaking for all future kings of England

FAANTTASTICC JOB! LET’S TRY ANOTHER!

Excerpt Two, Section 14 “A Freeman shall not be punished for a small fault, but after the manner of the fault; and for a great fault after the greatness thereof, saving to him his means of making a living; and a Merchant likewise, saving to him his Merchandise...And none of the said punishments shall be assessed, but by the oath of honest and lawful men of the neighborhood. Earls and Barons shall not be punished but by their Peers, and after the manner of their offence.”

Questions 7, 8, and Thinking Cap Question 1 (408) 7. Who can punish a freeman? ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8. Who can punish Earls and Barons? Thinking Cap Questions 1. What do we call the group of “honest and lawful men of the neighborhood” that decide guilt today? 7. Honest and lawful men of the neighborhood can punish a freeman. 8. Peers of earls and barons can punish earls and barons 1. Today, the group of “honest and lawful men of the neighborhood” who decide guilt is called a jury.

WTH?! I KNOW.. LET’S MAKE SENSE OF IT The king could not be an all-powerful dictator He had to rule within the limits of the law The Church of England had rights and could select its bishops The nobles had rights and would not be asked to pay more taxes than in the past. To put a freeman in jail: He must have broken a law He must have been tried by a jury

The Magna Carta’s Legacy Over time, common people felt the Charter applied to them too. Eventually lesser nobles, clergy, knights and town people began sending representatives to the councils. By the end of the 13th century, the council of nobles and representatives became known as Parliament. This begins to give the people a say in the government, the first time it happens in medieval Europe.

How did we do? We explained why the Magna Carta was written and describe its key arguments. We analyzed excerpts from the Magna Carta to assess its impact on future political thought. We explained the Magna Carta's legacy to democratic government.

Great Job Today! Complete Part 1 of the OLS Unit 12 Lesson 15 Assessment . Start studying! Check your K-Mail for a copy of the Unit 12 Study Guide Have a GREAT DAY! Abe Lincoln Thanks you!