Animal Farm Author: George Orwell Context: Communism and Capitalism

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Animal Farm Author: George Orwell Context: Communism and Capitalism Genre: Dystopian fiction, allegorical fiction

About the author… George Orwell Real name: Eric Blair (1903-1950) Chose his pen name because of his love of England George = Patron Saint of England Orwell = The river Orwell was his favorite location Family had social status, but they weren’t rich Orwell purposefully lived in poverty for some time, because he wanted to know what it felt like to have so little Viewed himself as a voice for the “downtrodden”

More on Orwell Worked as a journalist Outspoken critic of Communism and Russian dictator Joseph Stalin, as in his famous novels Animal Farm and 1984 Died young (age 46) of tuberculosis Orwell was a Socialist, which is not the same as Communist

INTERMISSION Talk with your peers about Communism and Capitalism Jot down on one side of a sheet of paper what you know about Communism and Capitalism Jot down on the other side what you are not sure about when it comes to Communism and Capitalism

Communism, Capitalism, Socialism, oh my! Who has the power: Democracy: Ruled by majority (demos = the people) Republic: Less about majority rule and more about checks and balances Communism: Ruled by single political party at start, then everyone equally Types of economy: Capitalism: Individuals have more economic power, free market Socialism: Distribution of wealth, higher taxes for more services Political ideology: Left-wing/progressive: Wants to change the system Right-wing/conservative: Wants to preserve the system

Genre: Dystopian Utopia = a perfect society Dys = Not (think “dysfunctional”) Dystopia = an imperfect society Dystopian fiction represents a society that might appear at first to be much better than our own, but the society is majorly flawed and often in some way dangerous to human freedom. Examples: The Hunger Games The Giver Fahrenheit 451 Animal Farm and 1984 Brave New World A Clockwork Orange

Genre: Allegorical Allegory = A long work where nearly everything in the work represents something else… Think of an extended metaphor There will be at least two meanings: one of the surface and one under the surface Real people, real ideas, and real events are represented by fictional symbols Examples: The Chronicles of Narnia Animal Farm Lord of the Flies The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (arguably!)