Bell Ringer How did power shift for the Monarchs in the Middle Ages?

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Presentation transcript:

Bell Ringer How did power shift for the Monarchs in the Middle Ages? How did power shift for the Church in the Middle Ages? How did power shift for the Nobles in the Middle Ages?

The Crusades Chapter 8 Section 3

The World in 1050 Isolation ending, ending the (1a) “Dark” Ages India had thriving cities China’s culture flourished (1c) Islam was advancing quickly

The World in 1050 Islam conquering many lands (2a) Seljuk Turks migrate from Central Asia to Middle East Conquered Asia Minor (Turkey) Expand into (2c) Jerusalem, the Holy Land

Jerusalem Christians Last Supper Crucifixion Resurrection Jews Ha-Kodesh (Holy City) Solomon’s Temple Muslims Prophet Muhammad ascends to heaven

The World in 1050 Turks (2e) did not allow Christians into land Prevented Christian pilgrims from traveling to the Holy Land

Pilgrimage to Holy Land Pride of a lifetime Very difficult

Crusades Byzantine emperor Alexius I petitions (1a) Pope Urban II “An accursed race has violently invaded the lands of those Christians and has depopulated them by pillage and fire” Called for the first Crusade at (1d) Council of Clermont

Crusades “Both knights and footmen, both rich and poor, must strive to help expel the Seljuks from our Christian lands before it is too late… Christ commands it. Remission of sins will be granted for those going thither”

Crusades 1096: Thousands of knights on way Protect religion Obtain (1e) wealth, glory, and power Additional armies of ordinary people, convinced by fiery preachers

Crusades Pope Urban II wanted to: Protect religion Increase power Heal schism between Roman and Byzantine Churches Ally Christian knights

First Crusade Knights captured Jerusalem in 1099 (2b) Massacred Jews and Muslims within the city Captured land divided into four small crusader states Muslims destroyed Christian states By 1187, Jerusalem fell to the Muslims

Crusades Muslims led by (2d) Salah-al-Din (Saladin) Christians could not retake Jerusalem in third Crusade Saladin agreed to reopen the holy city to Christian pilgrims Other crusades had knights losing in North Africa or fighting (2f) each other

Crusades Crusaders captured and looted (2g) Constantinople, Byzantine capital. By 1291, Muslim armies capture last Christian outpost Christian city of Acre is massacred

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