9-2 Replication of DNA

DNA Replication DNA replication begins with the unwinding of the DNA strands in the double helix.

Genes The double helix is re-created as the nucleotides are assembled in the proper order. A with  T G with C

Identical DNA Copies Two identical copies of DNA emerge from the process.

Polymerase Chain Reaction PCR, Polymerase Chain Reaction, is a technique for replicating or copy a portion of a DNA strand outside living cell. DNA replication and repair are critical processes that ensure the correct genetic material of a biological system is carried on. DNA continually undergoes a process of replication and division and errors can sometimes occur in the process. It is essential for the biological system to have a mechanism in place to detect and repair these errors.

Polymerase Chain Reaction Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a method widely used in molecular biology to make many copies of a specific DNA segment. ... PCR employs two main reagents - primers (which are short single strand DNA fragments known as oligonucleotides that are a complementary sequence to the target DNA region) and a DNA polymerase.

Recombinant DNA Recombinant DNA is the process by which the DNA of an organism is altered by inserting it into fragments of DNA from another organism.​

Genetic Fingerprinting Genetic fingerprinting, or DNA fingerprinting, distinguishes between individuals of the same species using only samples of their DNA. As any two humans have the majority of their DNA sequence in common, those sequences which demonstrate high variability must be analyzed. This DNA analysis was first developed using DNA hybridization techniques, but now is almost exclusively PCR-based.

DNA fingerprinting has thus become one of the most powerful tools of the forensic scientist, enabling law enforcement personnel to match biological evidence from crime scenes to suspects.