TAV Chapter 8

Wilmot Proviso David Wilmot Land gained from Mexico would not be use to further slavery or indenture servitude Never passed b/c of threats from John C. Calhoun

Popular Sovereignty Lewis Cass – let the people decide on the issue of slavery

Free Soil Party Against slavery in the West

49ers In 1848, gold was found at Sutter’s Mill in CA. Led to a mass move to CA for gold By the end of 1849, over 80,000 men had gone west in search for gold

Missouri Compromise MO would enter as a slave state Maine would be carved out of Mass. And be a free state 36-30 would be the line on slavery

Compromise of 1850 End slave trade in DC Passed the Fugitive Slave Act Ended the MO Comp. Kansas & Nebraska would vote on the slave issue CA enters as a free state S. Douglas wanted this for a Northern railway to the West

Underground Railroad Based off of RR terms Series of trails and hiding places for runaway slaves Night Canada Levi Coffin

Harriet Tubman North star 19 trips $40,000 reward $1,023,000.00

Transcontinental RR Northern and Southern route Northern from Chicago west Southern had to go through parts of Mexico Gadsden Purchase 30,000 sq miles $10 million

Bleeding Kansas

Section 2

Birth of the Republicans July 1854, in Michigan Formed as a protest to the Kansas Nebraska Act. Anti-slavery platform

Know Nothings The American Party Anti-Catholic Nativist

Dred Scott Case Argued that since they were taken to a free state, IL., they were now free. Supreme Crt. Ruled that slaves are property and not affected by free/slave state status

Kansas Constitution Both sides held their own referendum Each side went with what they wanted Buchanan sided with the Lecompton Const. and slavery. Congress blocked the decision 1858, Kansans voted to reject Lecompton – No slavery Statehood in 1861

Lincoln Douglas Debates 1858 Senate Race A House Divided Speech Winner/Loser

John Brown Role in Kansas Harper’s Ferry Oct. 16, 1859 raid

Section 3

1860 Election 4 way race Republican - Abraham Lincoln Constitutional Union – John Bell Northern Democrat – Stephen Douglas Southern Democrat – John Breckinridge

Lincoln Wins Almost no support in the South Even in IL south of Mt. Vernon Lincoln only received 5,000 votes. S.C. secedes after the electoral college declares him the winner in December.

Crittenden’s Compromise Sen. John J. Crittenden of KY proposed extending the 36-30 line to CA and leaving the N. free and S. slavery protected Lincoln urged Rep. to stand against it & it failed.

Lower South States in the Lower South met in Montgomery, AL. States are independent Guaranteed slavery Banned import of slaves Banned protective tariffs President served a single 6 year term

Jefferson Davis Confed. Pres. Former Senator of MS Fought in the Black Hawk War

Lincoln’s Inauguration March 4, 1861 Lets the S. know they have the ability to fix the crisis at hand.

Fort Sumter The N. is getting ready to attempt to resupply the fort in Charleston Harbor. To prevent the resupply the S. under Beauregard attacks the Fort. 33 hours later Major Robt. Anderson surrenders to the S.

Volunteers Lincoln calls for 75,000 volunteers to serve for 90 days to help put down the “rebellion.” States in the Upper South secede from the Union also 11 total

Border States Delaware, Maryland, KY, MO, & W. VA. Martial law declared in Baltimore to stop attacks on Fed. Troops. If Maryland secedes then DC will be surrounded KY & MO