Chapter 01: Basic Word Structure

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 01: Basic Word Structure

MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY The process of dividing medical words into component parts. Analysis of words will make medical terminology easier to understand and remember.

Word parts come from 2 language origins: Greek Latin.

5 BASIC WORD PARTS Root word Suffix Prefixes Combining vowel Combining form

ROOT WORD Root Word – foundation of the word Examples: cardi -  cephal – gastr – hemat – cyt – bi – 2 Remember, a medical term can have one or more roots. Ex. – cardi/o/thorac/ic = pertaining to heart & chest

SUFFIXES Word ending Read from suffix to root of a word for meaning. Can be nouns or adjectives. All medical words have suffixes Examples: -itis -ic -logy -ac -lysis -ical

PREFIXES Word beginning Not all medical words have prefixes Examples: bi- a- pre- hyper- sub- hypo-

COMBINING VOWEL A vowel that links two word parts together Usually an ‘o’; Has no meaning of it’s own. Combining Form – root word plus a combining vowel Examples: Hemat/o – Cardi/o – Gastr/o – Oste/o –

RULES FOR COMBINING VOWELS When the ending of the 1st word part and the beginning of the 2nd word part are consonants, use a combining vowel. Example – hemat/o/logy When the ending of the 1st word part is a consonant, and the beginning of the 2nd word part is a vowel, do not use a combining vowel. Example – gastr/itis When the ending of the 1st word part is a vowel and 2nd word part is a consonant, join it. Example – epi/gastr/ic

CAN YOU GUESS THE MEANING OF THESE? Adrenopathy Renal failure Ureteroplasty Cystoscopy Urethritis Figure 1-1. Urinary system.