Movement Across Membranes

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Presentation transcript:

Movement Across Membranes Page # 36 -37

Concentration Gradient When the number of molecules or ions in one region is different than the number in another region.

Passive Transport No energy needed Molecules move from high to low concentration. Example: Diffusion Osmosis Facilitated Diffusion

Diffusion A substance naturally moves from an area of HIGH concentration to an area of LOW concentration. Ultimately the substances will be evenly distributed and will reach equilibrium.

Osmosis Diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane. Water will move from the solution with the higher water concentration to the solution with the lower water concentration across a selectively permeable membrane.

Stop ! QuickReview Solvent – Dissolves a substance. EX. WATER!!!! Solute – Gets dissolved. EX. Salt & Sugar Solution- Both Solvent and Solvents EX.Mixture of Salt and Sugar

Solute concentration between two area Hypertonic: HIGHER concentration of solutes Hypotonic: LOWER concentration of solutes Isotonic: an EQUAL concentration of solutes

Facilitated Diffusion uses built in cell membrane protein channels which “help” substances diffuse.

Active Transport Solutes move from an area of LOW concentration to HIGH concentration. This requires ENERGY in the form of ATP. Transport proteins help substances move across the membrane (with energy). Two major types.

Exocytosis Exocytosis: A vesicle fuses with the plasma membrane and contents are released outside the cell

Endocytosis Endocytosis: Forming a vesicle inward toward the cytoplasm. Phagocytosis- “cell eating”-whole bacteria Pinocytosis- “cell drinking”-liquids

Membrane Crossing: Overview I