Chapter 3.1 Minerals

A mineral is…. 1. Naturally occurring 2. Definite chemical composition E.g. mineral hematite Fe2O3 3. Crystalline form Predictable crystal patterns 4. Solid 5. Inorganic Formed via crystallization = particles dissolved in liquid solidify and form crystals Can crystallize from either hot or cold solutions

Today Mini Lab How do you identify a mineral? Justification practice. Look at salt vs epson salt under the microscope Questions: How can you distinguish between a crystal of table salt and Epsom salt? How do minerals form? Look at pages 82 – 83. How do you identify a mineral? Justification practice.

Chapter 3.1 Minerals

A mineral is…. 1. Naturally occurring 2. Definite chemical composition E.g. mineral hematite Fe2O3 3. Crystalline form Predictable crystal patterns 4. Solid 5. Inorganic Formed via crystallization = particles dissolved in liquid solidify and form crystals Can crystallize from either hot or cold solutions

How do minerals form? Minerals from cool solutions Water can only hold a certain amount of dissolved solids Minerals from hot solutions Hot fluid flow through cracks in Earth’s crust Minerals from magma Magma = molten rock stored beneath Earth’s surface Lava = molten rock erupts on Earth’s surface Minerals form when lava cools

Make your own mineral identification booklet! Include: color, luster, streak, hardness, cleavage and fracture, density and special properties Explain how the property can be used to identify the mineral (3 important points). Give two example minerals which shows that property. Decorate your mineral identification booklet. Look at pages 87 – 91 to guide you. Check out http://www.minsocam.org/msa/collectors_corner/id/mineral_id_keyi1.htm

Chapter 3.2 How are minerals identified? EQ: What are minerals and how are they useful? TODAY Submit your “is it a mineral” sheet if you did not last class. Have your mineral identification booklet out. Feedback distributer: Priscilla

Mineral resources Average person uses 22,000 kg of mineral resources each year Automotive industry, agriculture and food production, road/home/building construction

Fluorite Used in production of hydrofluoric acid, which is used in the pottery, ceramics, and plastics industries Toothpaste

Halite (sodium chloride) Used in human and animal diet Food seasoning and food preservation Soap manufacturing Highway de-icing

Mica Sheet muscovite (white) mica is used in electronic insulators ground mica in paints, and in plastics, roofing, rubber

Pyrite & Corundum Pyrite: Fool’s gold Corundum: Transparent specimens: ruby or sapphire