Section 4:3 Mixtures

I. Properties of Mixtures Mixture = a combination of 2 or more substances that are not chemically combined Pizza = cheese, tomato sauce, pepperoni Lemonade Chex mix Trail mix

C. Separating mixtures-physical means B. No chemical change each substance retains it chemical makeup each substance keeps identity see individual components or not Salt water -NO Pizza –YES C. Separating mixtures-physical means Heat Distillation – separate based on boiling point Magnet Centifuge Separate by densities

D. Ratio E. Compound vs mixtures chart on 100 Mixtures DO Not have to be mixed at a specific ratio Granite = feldspar, mica, quartz E. Compound vs mixtures chart on 100

II. Solutions A. mixture that appears to be a single substance 1. composed of 2 or more particles evenly distributed Same appearance and properties B. Process to separate a mixture is dissolving

1. SOLUTE- what is dissolved 2. SOLVENT- substance in which solute is dissolved Solute must be soluble ( ability to dissolve) Insoluble = not able to dissolve

C. Examples Salt water= solute (salt) + solvent (water) Anti-freeze = solute (alcohol) + solvent (water) Soft drink = solute (carbonic acid) + solvent (water) Brass = solute (zinc) + solvent (copper)

C. Examples Alloys solid solution of metals or non-metals dissolved in a metal

1. So small that they never settle out D. Particles 1. So small that they never settle out Cannot be removed by filtering Cannot scatter light

III. Concentration Of Solutions A. Concentration is a measure of the solute dissolved B. Solutions can be concentrated or dilute Less solute = dilute More solute = concentrate

C. Solubility Ability for one solute to dissolve at a given temperature or pressure Concentration =grams of solute mL of solvent

Problems 1.) 35 grams salt and 175 mL of water 2.) 55 grams of sugar and 500 mL water 3.) 36 grams of and 144 mL water Which is more concentrated?

D. Particles 1.