Developing Instructional Materials Instructional Design :Unit,4 Development phase

In the development stage of instructional design, select existing instructional materials, develop your own instructional materials, or create specifications for someone else to develop them.

Trainers/instructors Role in Design & Delivery of Instruction (Three Levels) Delivered independent of the instructor responsible for testing & remedial help only Level 2 Select & adapt materials Organize to free time for individual help Level 3 Content dependent on the instructor Public school teaching

Existing Materials (Guides for selecting) Existing materials adequate? Appropriate content? Sequence correct? Have all required information? Have practice exercises? Adequate feedback? Appropriate tests? Adequate remedial and enrichment materials? Adequate learner guidance? Support for transfer?

Components of Text-Based Content Instructors’ Manuals Learners’ Instructional Materials Instructional manual Tests

Format - Preferred Double Column Layout Notes for the instructor here Instructor does this Instructor say this Tell class this Ask this question (the answer is, “ Bla, bla” Instruction content in this column for learners Learners do not have information in the left column

Factors affect mat. Dev. Environment Degree of depends on teacher Availability of mat. Amount of instruction required Grouping patterns of students Size and characteristics of learners Personnel, facilities and equipments

Steps in Development of Instruction See Dick & Carey page 251

Steps in Development of Instruction Focus on the instruction stated in the introduction to the lesson State the objectives State the the necessary entry behavior Use relevant scenarios Supply feedback during practice Divide content into small chunks of instruction

Characteristics of “Good” Instructional Content Straightforward Concise Appropriate vocabulary Avoids jargon Use humor appropriately

Format of “Good” Content Uses heading to guide learners Uses white spaces on each page (for notes) Highlights Key word & definitions Provides cues to facilitate memory Utilizes appropriate supporting graphics & pictures to enhance learning

Summary There are three basic levels of delivery Text based material should fit guidelines Remember the five characteristics of “Good” content Use effective instructional content