Draw an atom. Include protons, neutrons, and electrons. 12/9 Draw an atom. Include protons, neutrons, and electrons. Write down everything you know about atoms and the periodic table of the elements.

New unit, new goal! I can use the periodic table to draw the structure of the atom and decide if it will bond with another element

The Nature of Matter

Anything that has mass and takes up space Matter Anything that has mass and takes up space Examples: desk, air, dog, balloon, solid, liquid, or gas Nonexample: energy, gravity

The basic unit of matter The Nature of Matter What is an atom? The basic unit of matter

The Nature of Matter How big is an atom compared to the Universe? Video

The nature of Matter 100 million (100,000,000) How many atoms do you think would fit in the width of your little finger? 100 million (100,000,000)

274 years The nature of matter How much is 100,000,000??? If I gave you $100,000,000 and you spent $1000 EVERY day, when would you run out of money? 274 years

The Nature of Matter In other words, if you started spending your money on the day the Declaration of Independence was signed you would still have 40 years to spend the rest of your money.

The nature of Matter Placed side-by-side, about 100,000,000 atoms could fit the width of your pinky finger. There are subatomic particles that are even smaller…

ATOM The smallest component of an element made of a nucleus of protons and neutrons with electrons circling this nucleus. 

Proton – A positively charged particle in the nucleus of an atom Neutron – A non charged particle in the nucleus of an atom Electron – A negatively charged particle that moves around the nucleus of an atom

12.10.2013 Warm up: Explain what an atom is and what is inside an atom. Be sure to draw a picture. Thought to Ponder: Remember, the difference between a boss and a leader... A boss say "Go" A leaders say "Let's go"

A substance made of atoms that are all the same. ELEMENT A substance made of atoms that are all the same. Examples: Helium, Hydrogen, Gold, Copper, Oxygen NONEXAMPLES: Water (made of Hydrogen and Oxygen), Salt (made of Chlorine and Sodium), Sugar (made of Carbon, Oxygen, and Hydrogen)

Elements are represented by one- or two- letter symbols. Pure substance, consists entirely of one type of atom. Elements are represented by one- or two- letter symbols.

READING THE PERIODIC TABLE Number of Protons 11 Na 22.99 Number of Electrons Atomic Number Symbol Number of Protons + Neutrons Atomic Mass

C 12.01 6 How many protons does carbon have? How many electrons does carbon have? 6 C 12.01

Cl 35.45 17 How many protons does chlorine have? How many electrons does chlorine have? 17 Cl 35.45

N 14.0 7 How many protons does nitrogen have? How many electrons does nitrogen have? 7 N 14.0

F 19.0 9 How many protons does fluorine have? How many electrons does fluorine have? How many neutrons does fluorine have? (To find the number of neutrons, subtract the atomic number from the atomic mass) 9 F 19.0

Cu 63.5 29 How many protons does copper have? How many electrons does copper have? How many neutrons does carbon have? 29 Cu 63.5

P 31.0 15 How many protons does phosphorus have? How many electrons does phosphorus have? How many neutrons does phosphorus have? 15 P 31.0

Bonds and Electrons

Terms to know: Atomic Number: the number at the top of each element’s box. Represents the number of PROTONS that atom has. It is also the number of ELECTRONS that atom has.

Practice What is the atomic number for Carbon? What is the atomic number for Oxygen? What is the atomic number for Nitrogen? How many protons does Lithium have? How many protons does Phosphorus have?

Electron Energy Levels Electrons “orbit” and travel around the NUCLEUS (the protons and neutrons) Electrons orbit in levels: Level 1: Can hold 2 electrons Level 2: Can hold 8 electrons Level 3-ish: Can hold 8 electrons The electrons in the outermost layer are called “VALENCE” electrons.

6 Carbon 4 Atomic Number: Name: Number of Valence Electrons: 3 1 4 6 2 5

Why does the periodic table look like this?

Please label yours: 1 8 2 3 4 5 6 7

Everything in this column has 1 valence electron Everything in this column has 2 valence electrons Everything in this column has 3 valence electrons Everything in this column has 4 valence electrons 7 v. e. 7 v. e. 6 v. e. 5 v. e. You’ll learn about these groups in high school

8 Oxygen 6 6 Atomic Number: Name: Which column is it in? Number of Valence Electrons: 7 3 1 8 6 4 Oxygen 8 2 6 5 6

5 Boron 3 3 Atomic Number: Name: Which column is it in? Number of Valence Electrons: 3 5 1 Boron 4 3 2 5 3

7 Nitrogen 5 5 Atomic Number: Name: Which column is it in? Number of Valence Electrons: 7 Nitrogen 5 5

14 Silicon 4 4 Atomic Number: Name: Which column is it in? 11 Atomic Number: Name: Which column is it in? Number of Valence Electrons: 3 7 14 1 10 14 4 12 Silicon 6 8 4 2 9 5 4 13

16 Sulfur 6 6 Atomic Number: Name: Which column is it in? 11 15 Atomic Number: Name: Which column is it in? Number of Valence Electrons: 3 7 16 1 10 12 4 Sulfur 14 8 16 6 6 2 5 9 6 13