Syntax.

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Presentation transcript:

Syntax

Syntax The study of how words are combined with others to form sentences and in what order. The syntax of a language is the set of rules, principles, and processes that govern the structure of sentences in a given language, specifically word order. Constituent: Any meaningful linguistic unit with grammatical and semantic properties. A word or group of words that function(s) as a single unit within a hierarchical structure. Many constituents are phrases.

Phrase: A combination of a pair of constituents in which the grammatical properties of one constituent are seen to determine the type of phrase. Examples: the elephant = determiner phrase (DP) kill the elephant = verb phrase (VP) Hierarchical Structuring: Constituent/Constituents are ranked so that everyone but the topmost is subordinate to a specified one above it. Binary Merger Operation: It is an operation by which two constituents are combined together to form a larger constituent. Diagnostics used to identify the constituent structure of sentences.