Qod: What two types of chemicals make up a chemical reaction? Chemical Reactions Qod: What two types of chemicals make up a chemical reaction?

Chemical Reaction A reaction in which one or more substances are changed to new substances Reactants: ingredients needed to react Products: new substances formed

No matter is created or destroyed Law of Conservation Total starting mass of all the reactants equals the total final mass of all products No matter is created or destroyed

Symbols of Chemical Equation

Coefficients The number of units of that element needed for the reaction Subscripts The number of atoms of that element

Balancing Chemical Reactions Qod: What would you do to remember the Six steps for Balancing Equations?

6 Steps to Balancing Chemical Equations

1. Write equation out to give you space

2. Draw a line between reactants and products

3. Write out each element present on each side *Should be the same*

4. Write the number of each element next to it

5. Start with the left-most element and balance

6. When finished with all elements on left side of equation, repeat steps 4 & 5 because you may have to redo some coefficients

Subscripts are used to balance charges Coefficients are used to balance # of atoms (Label your reactions with the following words: yields, products, reactants)

Examples Ba + P  Ba2 P3

K + N  K3 N

Al + CO3  Al CO3

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Homework Problems

Homework Problems

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Homework Problems

Homework Problems

Homework Problems

Homework Problems

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Homework Problems

4 Types of Chemical Reactions After today’s notes – make a chart or diagram on your left side that summarizes the four types of reactions

Combination(Synthesis) Reaction Two reactants become one product! Format: A + X  AX Ex #1: Na O + H2O  Na OH Ex #2: Ca + S 

Decomposition Reaction One reactant splits into two products Format: AX  A + X Ex #1: Fe(OH)3  Fe + OH

Single-Replacement Reaction A single element swaps it mate from another Format: A + BX  B + AX Ex #1: Al + H SO4  Al SO4 + H

Ex #2: Fe + Cu2(SO4)3 

Double-Replacement Reaction The elements are swapping! Format: A+X- + B+Y-  A+Y- + B+X- Ex #1: Ba Cl + H SO4  Ba SO4 + HCl

Ex #2: H SO4 + Al OH 

Combustion Reaction Format: CXHY + O2  XCO2 + (Y/2)H2O Oxygen reacts with a hydrocarbon to produce a carbon dioxide, water & energy (such as fire) Format: CXHY + O2  XCO2 + (Y/2)H2O Ex: C6H12O6 + O2  Incomplete combustion produces CO (carbon monoxide) instead of CO2

Practice 1. ________ (NH4)3PO4 + BaCl  Ba PO4 + ___ Type Equation   1. ________ (NH4)3PO4 + BaCl  Ba PO4 + ___ 2. _________ Pb3P4 + Cl  _________ + P 3. __________ KCO3  ______ + ________ 4. __________ Be + C2H3O2  __________

Affecting Reaction Rates Temperature Pressure Substance Amounts

Reaction Rates Mole: amount of a substance Catalyst: increases RR without being changed End Result↓ Temperature Surface Area Concentration Stirring Reaction Rate ↑ Increase Reaction Rate ↓ Decrease

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nsEkKIiOz7Q Reaction Lab