What is climate? TIME How does climate differ from weather?

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Presentation transcript:

What is climate? TIME How does climate differ from weather? Weather: Hours to weeks Climate: Months to millenia

What characteristics does a climate have? Air temperature Humidity Precipitation (type & amount) Wind (speed & direction)

What Affects Air Temperature? (at climatic time scales) Unequal amounts of solar radiation (axial tilt, seasons, etc.) Unequal heating of land & water Altitude (cooler at higher elevations) Geography (esp. regarding winds)

Land vs. Water Land Water Land has a lower specific heat than water. (Specific heat: Energy to raise 1 gram of a substance 1°C) Therefore, heats faster than gets hotter than cools faster than Land Water

Elevation Effects

Geographic effects: Cascade Range blocks moderating coastal winds