Do Now Use the back of your homework from last class. 1. The Northwest Ordinance organized what territory? 2. How many square miles were in a township? 3. What was the income of square 16 used for?

United States Constitution The Living Document United States Constitution

Thomas Paine We have it in our power to begin the world over again. A situation, similar to the present, hath not happened since the days of Noah until now. The birthday of a new world is at hand.

Articles Of Confederation Legislative Government – One state, one vote No Executive Branch No National Judicial No Power to tax Powers Declare war - Borrow money Create laws

Daniel Shays and the Rebellion Massachusetts Farmer Leads rebellion against state armory Upset over foreclosures due to high taxes Result Nationalists call for an amendment of the Articles

Two Plans Virginia Plan Legislature – Bi-cameral (2), based on population Executive and Judicial Branches Powers – Tax, control foreign and interstate commerce & veto state laws James Madison – author Big States approve New Jersey Plan Legislature – unicameral, one vote per state Executive and Judicial Branches Powers – Same as Virginia Small States approve

The Great Compromise Two House Legislature – One by population the other equal – 2 per state Executive and Judicial Branches – that “check” each other House of Representative – Creates the budget, Senate approves treaties and executive appointments

3/5 Compromise Southern States want Slaves to be counted and Northern do not. The compromise – counted as 3/5

Shared Power

3 Branches of Government The CONSTITUTION Separation of Powers- Power is divided among three branches of government   Legislative Branch Executive Branch Judicial Branch House of Representatives Senate President 4 year term 35 years old Native Born citizen Resident for 14 years in US Supreme Court decides if laws are constitutional Life Term Appointed by President Approved by Senate 6 year term 30 years old Citizen for 9 years State resident 2 year term 25 years old Citizen for 7 years State resident

Checks and Balances

The Powers Enumerated Powers Enumerated powers – powers given to Congress that are specifically listed in the Constitution Implied Powers Implied Powers: powers that the government has but are not specifically listed in the Constitution

Implied Examples Since the future emergencies or situation“ general welfare clause" and the "necessary and proper" clause gave elasticity to the constitution. Louisiana Purchase Second Bank of the United States

Elastic Clause The Congress shall have Power - To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution