Introduction to Cellular Biology

Essential Questions What is the cell theory? What are the characteristics of prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Life is Cellular Discovery of the cell: Year: 1665 Scientist: Robert Hooke Equipment: microscope Robert Hooke found the first cell by looking through his microscope The microscope was improved by Anton Van Leeuwenhoek.

Cell Theory All living things are composed of cells Cells are the basic units of life Basic units of structure and function New cells are produced from existing cells. Schleiden,Schwann,Virchow all made contributions to the cell theory. Can be single celled (___ cellular) Example: Amoeba, bacteria Can be many celled (_____ cellular) Example: Humans

THE CELL Cells come in a variety of shapes and sizes All have 2 characteristics in common Cell membrane- surrounds the cell like a barrier Contains DNA

Two Broad Categories Prokaryote & Eukaryote

Prokaryotes No membrane around DNA (lack a nucleus) Don’t have membrane-bound organelles Small and simple Examples: Bacteria

Eukaryotes Contain a nucleus Have organelles Larger and more complex Specialized cell organs Larger and more complex Example: Muscle cell Skin cell

Plant Cells Chloroplasts Have a cell wall -Site of Photosynthesis Provides strength and protection

Animal Cell Lysosomes Have centrioles -Aid in cell division -Digestive enzymes Have centrioles -Aid in cell division Found at right angles to each other and come in pairs