Amines and Amides Section 1.7

Amines 1° Amine 2° Amine 3° Amine Amine – an organic compound, related to ammonia, that contains a nitrogen atom bonded to one or more alkyl groups on each molecule. 1° Amine 2° Amine 3° Amine Amines generally have strong, often unpleasant odours, sometimes described as fishy.

Naming Amines methanamine Primary Amines Secondary and Tertiary Amines Add “amine” to the name of the chain it is attached to. Secondary and Tertiary Amines Begin the name based on the longest chain and add the word “amine” to the end of it and use a number to indicate where the N is located. We use the locator, N, to indicate the attachment of additional chains to the nitrogen atom instead of a number. methanamine N-methylpentan-2-amine N-ethyl-N-methylbutan-1-amine

Practice Name the following molecules: Draw the structural formula for: a) 2-methylpropan-1-amine (b) Propan-1-amine N-ethyl-N-propylbutan-1-amine

Properties of Amines Small amines are soluble in water N-C bond and N-H bond are polar The primary amine can form two hydrogen bonds and hence has the highest boiling point. The tertiary cannot form hydrogen bonds and therefore has the lowest boiling point.

Amides Amide – an organic compound that contains a carbonyl group bonded to a nitrogen atom.

Naming Amides The name of an amide has three parts Amides are formed from the reaction of carboxylic acid and ammonia, primary amines and secondary amines. The name of an amide has three parts The first part from the amine The second part from the acid The ending which is always “amide”

Practice Name the following: Draw the following: a) N-ethylpropanamide N-methylbutanamide N,N-diethylethanamide N-propylbutanamide

Properties of Amides Smaller amides are somewhat soluble in water due to the N-H bonds which undergo hydrogen bonding. As the length increases, solubility decreases. Primary Amides have higher melting points and boiling points than similar amides due to more hydrogen bonding between primary amide molecules

Practice Naming N,N-diethyl butan-1-amine octan-3-amine N-ethyl butan-2-amine

Practice Drawing a) 2-methylpropan-1-amine b) primary amine with a 2-carbon alkyl group

Practice Naming butanamide N-propyl ethanamide N,N-dimethyl butanamide

Practice Drawing a) N,N-diethylethanamide b) N-methylbutanamide

Summary of all the Naming