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Presentation transcript:

Focusing Task (White Board) How many protons, neutrons and electrons are in an atom of calcium? What is the average atomic mass of phosphorus? What is the difference between the mass number of an atom and its average atomic mass?

Chemistry Unit 6: Chemical Quantities Lecture 6.1 Moles & Molar Mass Chemistry Unit 6: Chemical Quantities Lecture 6.1

Objectives Explain how the quantity “mole” is defined State the number of particles contained in the quantity “mole” Determine the molar mass of a molecule from its chemical formula and atomic masses

The Mole A word that stands for a number of items like: Pair Dozen Quadruplet Could stand for any items

The number of atoms in a 12 gram sample of the Carbon-12 isotope How the Mole is Defined One mole is: The number of atoms in a 12 gram sample of the Carbon-12 isotope

How Many IS a Mole? 1 mol = 6.022 x 1023 602,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 Why such a big number? Because atoms are so VERY SMALL!!

Molar Mass Definition: the mass of one mole of molecules or formula units Example: What is the molar mass of Ca(OH)2? Ca: 1 x 40.08 g/mol = 40.08 g/mol O: 2 x 16.00 g/mol = 32.00 g/mol H: 2 x 1.01 g/mol = 2.02 g/mol 74.10 g/mol

Determining Molar Mass Determine which atoms, and how many of each are contained within the chemical formula Multiply the number of each type of atom in the chemical formula by the molar (atomic) mass of each Determine the sum of the products in #2 above.

Counting Atoms The subscript following an atomic symbol tells you how many If there are parentheses, multiply the subscript inside the parentheses by the subscript outside the parentheses If the atom is listed more than once in the formula, add them all together.

Practice Counting Atoms CH4 Cu3(PO4)2 CH3COOH

Practice Calculate the molar masses of the following chemicals: (show your work!) FeO NH4Cl Cu3(PO4)2

Quick Quiz How did scientists decide how many particles a “mole” would represent? How many particles IS a “mole”? How do you determine the molar mass of a chemical? What is the molar mass of H2CO3? What is the molar mass of Sn(C2H3O2)4? A mole is the number of atoms found in a 12 g sample of carbon-12 A mole is equal to 6.022 x 1023 particles (items) Multiply the number of each atom in the chemical formula by its atomic mass, then add these together. 62.03 g/mol 354.91 g/mol

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