Models of the Earth.

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Presentation transcript:

Models of the Earth

Shape of the Earth Is this really what people used to believe?

Ancient World

Maps

Hemispheres Equator: Imaginary horizontal line that divides the earth into northern and southern hemispheres. Standard of latitude. Prime Meridian: Imaginary vertical line which divides the Earth into Eastern and Western hemispheres. Standard of longitude.

Latitude The angle of the North star in the sky is equal to one’s latitude.

Longitude

Coordinates

Projections The Earth is a three-dimensional sphere. In order to map it onto a two-dimensional map certain features must be distorted. Mercator Projection Equal Area Projection Conic Projection

Projections Lines of Longitude are parallel Poles become distorted

Projections The area of each section is the same Distortion near edges

Projections Longitudinal lines are parallel, while latitudinal lines are curved. Size and shape of land is accurate Only works for small areas.

Topographical Maps Topographical maps show the change in elevation over a landscape.

Matching Landscapes