Principles of Government Chapter 1.1 Principles of Government

Who said “He who has the power to take part in the deliberative or judicial administration of any state is said by us to be a citizen of that state.” Aristotle Greeks were the first serious students of government.

Nation and country are used interchangeably with state What is a State? Then Now in modern world In Greece it was a territory of a town and its surrounding area where face-to-face communication was possible Romans had a republic—the government was representative of certain groups but not a democracy Our 13 colonies were each a sovereign state until they joined together as a nation Identifies a political community in a precise territory It has sovereignty—government makes and enforces the rules 193 sovereign states are recognized by the United Nations Nation and country are used interchangeably with state

4 Essential Features of a State 1. Population 2. Territory States where people share a consensus about basic beliefs and values—tend to have the most stable government—US most believe in democracy Urban vs rural—different policies Population shifts—many have moved to SW changing representation in Congress Established boundaries May change due to war, negotiations, or purchase US expanded all the way to the Pacific Ocean from the 13 original colonies on the Atlantic Ocean due to war, negotiations and purchase

3. Sovereignty 4. Government The state has supreme and absolute authority within its boundaries to: Make laws Determine foreign policy Determine course of action All states are sovereign and are supposed to be equal In reality those with more economic strength and military capabilities have more power Institution through which a state maintains social order, provides public services, and enforces decisions that are binding on all citizens

Origins of the State Evolutionary Theory Social Contract Theory State evolved from family ex: Abraham, from old testament Social Contract Theory People surrender power to maintain order Thomas Hobbes—said in a state of nature life would be nasty, brutish, & short John Locke—said in his Two Treatises of Gov’t; in a state of nature people had certain natural rights; life, liberty, & property—if not they could rebel Force Theory Government was created when people were ruled under one person or group Needed to survive attacks from others Divine Right Gods chose the rulers European monarchs in the 16 & 1700’s, Aztec, Egyptians, Chinese

Give examples and ways the government accomplishes each task Create a 4 door book Summarizing the 4 purposes of government Maintaining Social Order Providing Public Services Providing National Security Making Economic Decisions Give examples and ways the government accomplishes each task