Chemical Reactions in Aqueous Solutions Chapter 8 Section 8.3

Predicting Whether a Reaction Will Occur. Formation of a gas. Formation of a precipitate (solid). Formation of water (H2O). Transfer of electrons. Mg + O

Types of Chemical Reactions Synthesis (Combination) Reactions A + B → AB Examples: Mg + Cl2 → MgCl2 2Al + 3Br2 → 2AlBr3 CaO + H2O → Ca(OH)2

Special Cases (A-B-C-C) of Synthesis (Combination) Reactions Nonmetal Oxide + Water → Acid SO3 + H2O → H2SO4 Metal Oxide + Water → Base MgO + H2O → Mg(OH)2 Metal Oxide + Carbon Dioxide → Carbonate Na2O + CO2 → Na2CO3 Metal Chloride + Oxygen → Chlorate 2KCl + O2 → 2KClO3

Practice Problems Na + Cl2 → Ba + I2 → CaO + CO2 → AlCl3 + O2 → CO2 + H2O →

Types of Chemical Reactions Decompostion Reactions AB → A + B Examples: MgCl2 → Mg + Cl2 2AlBr3 → 2Al + 3Br2 Ca(OH)2 → CaO + H2O Δ

Special Cases (A-B-C-C) of Decomposition Reactions Acid → Nonmetal Oxide + Water H2SO4 → SO3 + H2O Base → Metal Oxide + Water Mg(OH)2 → MgO + H2O Carbonate → Metal Oxide + Carbon Dioxide Na2CO3 → Na2O + CO2 Chlorate → Metal Chloride + Oxygen 2KClO3 → 2KCl + 3O2

Practice Problems AlCl3 → BaCO3 → Ca(OH)2 → Mg(ClO3)2 → H2CO3 →

Fuel + Oxygen → Carbon Dioxide + Water Combustion Reactions Fuel + Oxygen → Carbon Dioxide + Water CH4 + O2 → CO2 + H2O Balance in alphabetical order carbon, hydrogen, resolve odd/even differences then oxygen

Practice Problems C2H6 + O2 → C4H10 + O2 → C6H14 + O2 → C3H6O + O2 →

Single-Replacement Reactions Element1 + Compound1 → Compound2 + Element2 A + BX → AX + B Use the Activity Series for Metals to determine if a reaction will occur. Element A MUST be ABOVE element B on the Activity Series for a reaction to occur. Exceptions exist concerning hydrogen. Halogens can replace other halogens in the same manner.

Key Vocabulary: Chemical change Chemical equation Reactants Products Balancing the chemical equation Link for Quizlet cards:

What do I need to remember from previous units? Writing Formulas (chapter 4) Audio Review: Click on Chapter 4 Powerpoint overview: Click on Chapter 4 Key Vocabulary on Quizlet Naming: Dichotomous Key Practice: Name that Compound! (Quizlet Set)