Business Work, Quizzes Back Slavery assignment Due: B- Thursday April 20 H- Wednesday April 19
How did Reform take place in the 1800s? Women, Education, Religion
Women in the 1800s All women treated as 2nd class citizens Couldn’t vote, hold property, control lives Not admitted to most colleges Believed to be biologically inferior Ideal woman= religious, mild mannered, obedient, domestic Cult of domesticity
Women’s Rights Movement Middle and upper class women had leisure time (left out of professional life) Involved in reform Abolition = equality Women entitled to equal status too 1848- Seneca Falls convention
Seneca Falls 1848- Seneca Falls convention Seneca Falls Declaration Similar language to Declaration of Independence Listed women’s grievances Right to vote Equal education Owning property Progress (others took up cause): Divorce laws Right to sue Control property
“Women’s” Causes Women’s Rights Temperance Education / childcare Outlawing alcohol Why? Victims of alcoholism/actions/ abuse Education / childcare Abolition
Education in the 1800s Education responsibility of family, not the government Children taught at home What is a problem with this? Church schools- minister taught lessons (religious) Dame schools- women taught basic reading and writing (for a fee) Adventure schools- girls learned crafts, dancing, etc Male and $$ = high education
Education Reform Argument = democracy can’t exist without people reading and writing Schools would teach patriotism, values Public education – free education for all people, run by government
Education Reform Horace Mann- advocate for improved public education Fought for: Better schools Higher teacher salaries Set up normal schools Teacher training schools
Religion- Ideal Communities Some wanted new society where all wealth shared Some built new communities away from others Ideal communities Ex: Mormons, Shakers
Transcendentalism New thought about literature and philosophy Idea: People can transcend (rise above) reason through faith in themselves Believed in basic human goodness, individualism People know what is good, right Criticized government, laws, institutions
Transcendentalism
2nd Great Awakening Tolerance- God and religion is for everyone Kept high moral standards, calls for improvement Enthusiasm for religion Camp meetings spread across country Church attendance, social reform increased
1800s Reforms / Changes Women’s Rights Education Religion Ideal Communities 2nd Great Awakening Transcendentalism What’s missing? Slavery / Abolition
Slavery and Abolition Slavery was an American institution Existed from (before) country’s founding Americans split over slavery issue North vs South “How can it be fought?” Abolitionists Laws, writings Expansion Violence Fill out video worksheet