Post Installation Inspection Demonstration

Goal Understand Importance of PII See PII Tools & Techniques Quality Production/Materials + Stringent QC (Plant Tour) Knowledge of Correct Crack Evaluation for RCP (PPT. Handouts, & 3EB Demo) www.concrete-pipe.org

Why ARE more Specifiers Requiring Stringent PII Improved technology Slide 3

Why ARE more Specifiers Requiring Stringent PII Improved technology Verifies getting what is paid for Slide 4

Why ARE more Specifiers Requiring Stringent PII Improved technology Verifies getting what is paid for Proper installation can be confirmed Slide 5

Why ARE more Specifiers Requiring Stringent PII Improved technology Verifies getting what is paid for Proper installation can be confirmed Structure support of flexible pipe is confirmed Slide 6

Why ARE more Specifiers Requiring Stringent PII Improved technology Verifies getting what is paid for Proper installation can be confirmed Structure support of flexible pipe is confirmed Find installation and/or construction damage to all pipe types Slide 7

Why ARE more Specifiers Requiring Stringent PII Improved technology Verifies getting what is paid for Proper installation can be confirmed Structure support of flexible pipe is confirmed Find installation and/or construction damage to all pipe types Overall quality of installations will improve Slide 8

Why ARE more Specifiers Requiring Stringent PII Improved technology Verifies getting what is paid for Proper installation can be confirmed Structure support of flexible pipe is confirmed Find installation and/or construction damage to all pipe types Overall quality of installations will improve Asset management potential Slide 9

Post Installation Inspection – National Standards AASHTO CIRCA - 2005 CMP – Section 26.5.7 RCP – Section 27.6.1 HDPE – Section 30.5.6 www.concrete-pipe.org www.concrete-pipe.org

TOOLS OF THE TRADE POST INSTALLATION INSPECTION RCP HDPE CMP Visual/Video Inspection Mandrel Testing Laser Deflectometer

SHAPE CONTROL ONLY Mandrel Testing Go-No-Go device Nine (or greater odd number) arm mandrel Sized and inspected by the Engineer prior to testing 5% Deflection & 7 ½% Deflection Stuck if deflection is exceeded Slide 12

Mandrel Testing (WORDING IS CRITICAL) The diameter of the mandrel at any point shall not be less than the allowable percent deflection of the certified actual mean diameter (or NOMINAL DIAMETER) of the pipe or culvert being tested. Slide 13

NEW BREED of Pipe Inspection Tools

WA OR ID MT WY UT CO NV CA AZ NM ND SD MN IA WI TX OK KS NE MO IL KY MI AR MS AL GA PA LA FL SC VA WV NY ME RI DE MD NC OH IN TN VT NH MA NJ CT AK Will post installation inspection become more prevalent? States shown in solid yellow have mandatory deflection inspection requirements. States shown in dashed blue, require or allow the use of laser profiling technology for post-installation inspection. About 30 State DOT’s require some type of Post Installation Inspection Storm Drainage 22 – States (Yellow) Require Mandrel Inspections – some considering CCTV + Laser Profiling + Micrometers 11 – States (Hashed) currently require or allow CCTV + Laser Profiling + Measurements of defects

Concrete Pipes / Culverts Misalignment Joints Cracks Spalls Slabbing Slide 16

Joints Note any leaking joints Evidence of soil migration through joint requires evaluation Differential movement, cracks, spalls, improper gasket placement, movement or settlement to be noted Slide 17

Crack measurement Slide 18

Crack measurement Slide 19

AASHTO LRFD Bridge Construction Specification Section 27.6.4 (Summary) Crack less than or equal to 0.01” These cracks are minor & OK Crack between 0.01” and 0.10” Evaluation required: is it detrimental and in a corrosive environment? (PH<5.5) If non-corrosive or not detrimental – OK If corrosive and detrimental – Seal crack Crack equal to or greater than 0.10” Evaluation required: is crack detrimental to structure? If not detrimental – OK If detrimental – repair and seal crack If not repairable – remediate or replace Slide 20

ANATOMY OF A CRACK DEFLECTION UNDER TEST CONDITION STRESS ZONES UNDER TEST CONDITION “As the load increases, the stress in the reinforcing steel increases, and since the modulus of elasticity of steel is much greater than that of concrete, the protective cover of concrete begins to show fine longitudinal cracks in the tensile zones on the inside of the pipe before the steel is stressed up to its capacity.” TENSION COMPRESSION

DETRIMENTAL or ACCEPTABLE Crack Width Perspective… Crack between 0.01” and 0.10” Evaluation required: is it detrimental and in a corrosive environment? (PH<5.5) If non-corrosive or not detrimental – OK If corrosive and detrimental – Seal crack Dime Thickness = 0.05” REALLY! www.concrete-pipe.org

ANOTOMY OF A CRACK Circumferential Vs Longitudinal Cracks Normal Load Crack Locations? Crack @ Springline Crack in Haunch Areas Slide 23

Thermoplastic Pipes / Culverts Misalignment Joints Cracks Buckling, Bulging and Racking Deflection Slide 24

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Deflection Laser profiler, mandrel or physical measurement Slide 26

Pipeline Profiling Laser Ring Slide 27

Significance of Laser Deflection Testing Easy to perform Accurate, easily documented, simple to re-Inspect if necessary Safe – minimal confined space issues Tells the WHOLE story Measures deflection at every location along the length of a pipeline Quantifies the amount of deflection that can not be detected by camera or the naked eye Provides additional analysis by computer software Third Party = Fair, Accurate & Unbiased Slide 28

Post Install Inspection Demo See equipment and tools Discuss measurement of conditions See crack on screen Vs actual crack measurement See joint gap on screen Vs actual measurement See the deflection on screen Slide 29

Demo Layout Slide 30

Handouts ACPA “RCP Post Installation Evaluation and Repair Manual” ACPA CP Info “Cracks In Installed Reinforced Concrete Pipe” “Readers Digest” – AASHTO Crack Evaluation   Slide 31

Conclusion! Evaluation Based upon AASHTO Guidance Encourage Stringent PII w/Correct Tools Evaluation Based upon AASHTO Guidance Cracks will be identified NO EVALUATION IF NOT MEASURED Dime or less and no Ph Issue = No Problem DO NOT PANIC/USE KNOWLEDGE TO PROCESS DATA www.concrete-pipe.org