QUIZ REVIEW Quiz on MONDAY!!!!!!!!!

Russia: A Background Nicholas II – autocratic and ineffective He ruled a country covering one-sixth of the earth’s total land surface He had massive personal wealth He was backed by an army of 1 million and secret police Political parties banned – critics ended up in prison or exile Press was censored

Russia: A Background Many Russians worshipped the Czar and peasants typically had a picture of the Czar on a wall of their hut. His word was law He appointed his ministers But did not have to listen to them AND could ‘hire and fire’ them at will He was a true autocrat.

Russian Revolution In 1917, Russia went through a revolution. A revolution is a big change of power in short amount of time. Poor people in Russia (serfs) were unsatisfied with their lives because of poverty and starvation. They blamed the rich ruling class of Russia and demanded the Czar (King) step down The Czar of Russia (King) was Nicholas II

Treaty of Versailles Treaty of Versailles Accept the Blame Germany had to accept the blame for starting the war Pay for War Damages This was know as reparations. Germany had to pay $33 billion dollars. Colonies taken away All of Germany’s colonies were taken away and given away to the Allied countries. Treaty of Versailles Reduce their army The Army was cut to just 100,000 men, the Navy could only have 6 battleships, and they were not allowed to build any new planes, tanks, or submarines. Give up their land Germany lost land to France, Poland, Belgium, and Denmark. An area of Germany was even separated from the mainland.

BRAT B– blame (accept blame) R– reparations (pay for war damages) A– army (reduce army, tanks, planes, boats, submarines) T– territory (lost colonies and land in Europe)

Farmers plant more crops, borrow money for land and machinery The Great Depression Farmers plant more crops, borrow money for land and machinery Farmers cannot pay debts, lose their land People borrow money to buy stocks Stock prices fall quickly Banks do not have enough money, people cannot get money

Hitler’s Germany Leader of the Nazi Party Took advantage of the poor state Germany was in due to the conditions of the Treaty of Versailles Promised to return Germany to its former glory! Gestapo—Hitler’s secret police, he used them to spy on the German public If you were found speaking out against Hitler the Gestapo would arrest you, and you were often murdered