Nuclear Fusion & Fission

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Presentation transcript:

Nuclear Fusion & Fission P2 - Physics Nuclear Fusion & Fission

P2 – Physics - Aims to sketch a labelled diagram to illustrate how a chain reaction may occur

P2 – Physics – Nuclear Fission Nuclear fission is the splitting of atomic nuclei and is used in nuclear reactors as a source of heat energy which can be transformed into electrical energy There are two fissionable substances in common use in nuclear reactors: Uranium 235 Plutonium 239 For fission to occur the Uranium 235/Plutonium 239 nucleus must first absorb a neutron The nucleus undergoing fission splits into 2 smaller nuclei and 2/3 neutrons and energy is released The neutrons may go on to start a chain reaction

P2 – Physics - Nuclear fission More neutrons Neutron Uranium or plutonium nucleus Unstable nucleus New nuclei (e.g. barium and krypton)

P2 – Physics - Nuclear Fission - Chain reactions Each fission reaction releases neutrons that are used in further reactions.

P2 – Physics – Nuclear Fusion Nuclear fusion is the joining of two atomic nuclei to form a larger one Nuclear fusion is the process by which energy is released in stars

P2 – Physics - Nuclear Fusion in stars Proton Neutron