Unit 1 – Atomic Structure

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Presentation transcript:

Unit 1 – Atomic Structure Learning Target 1.1 – Know the subatomic particles (proton, neutron, electron) including their charge, location, and purpose.

Subatomic Particles - Proton Positively charged particle. Found in the nucleus (center) of an atom. The proton determines the identity of the atom. For example: Carbon has 6 protons, no other element has that number of protons. Nitrogen has 7 protons, no other element has that number of protons. Etc… The proton has a diameter of approximately 10-15 meters

Subatomic particles - Neutron A neutral (no overall electric charge) Located in the nucleus (center) of an atom. The neutron only affects the mass of the atom. Gaining more neutrons makes the atom more massive. Losing neutrons makes the atom less massive. The diameter of a Neutron is almost the same as a proton 10-15 meters The neutron is about 1/10th of one percent more massive than the proton.

Subatomic particles - Electron Negatively charged particle Located outside of the nucleus in “orbits” of various proximity to the nucleus. The electron determines an atom’s chemical reactivity (which other atoms the element will react with and how the element will react) The diameter of an electron is 10-18 meters. Three orders of magnitude smaller than the proton and neutron.