Lithosphere ROCKS AND SOIL

Rocks Rocks are heterogeneous solids composed of many minerals Formed by water pressure – sedimentary Formed through volcanic activity – igneous Transformed rock - metamorphic

Igneous Formed when magma cools and solidifies Two types: extrusive and intrusive Extrusive: magma that cools rapidly upon contact with air Intrusive: magma that solidifies below the surface

Sedimentary Accumulation and compaction of debris Through time air and water break down rock, through erosion, this crumbled rock combine with animal and plant remains and accumulate successive layers, finally compacting into sedimentary rock. Formed when sediments (sand clay, and silt) are compressed and become solid rock

Shale is the most common sedimentary rock Sedimentary rocks cover about three-quarters of the land surface

Metamorphic A metamorphic rock is any sedimentary or igneous rock that has been changed, or morphed, because of pressure and heat Metamorphic rocks are made deep inside the earth where heat and pressure change the rocks.

Types of Metamorphic Rocks Schist Gneiss