Grand Canyon Phenomenon What patterns do you notice in the land form? Describe what events could have caused these patterns.

NOTES: History OF Earth How do rock layers form and how do they contain fossils?

Rock Cycle Sequence of events involving the formation, alteration, destruction, and reformation of rocks as a result of natural processes. Explains how rocks and natural processes are related.

Rock Cycle Three Types of Rocks Igneous: formed by lava and magma when it cools Sedimentary: formed when sediments (sand, gravel, dirt) are pressed together over time. Forms layers Fossil found HERE! Metamorphic: are made from other rocks. Heat and pressure change sedimentary and igneous rock

Some Parts of the Earth’s Surface Build Up and Some Wear Down Geologic processes Weathering Physical, Chemical, and Biological Erosion Wind Flowing water Human activities Glaciers

Forming Sedimentary Rock Layers Weathering and Erosion Wind and water are like chisels and hammer and carve away at metamorphic and igneous rocks making sediments

Forming Sedimentary Rock Layers Weathering and Erosion Transportation and Deposition Sediments are transported by wind, river, and seas Sediments are deposited layer by layer Gravity, topographical structure and fluid forces decide the resting place of these sediments

Forming Sedimentary Rock Layers Weathering and Erosion Transportation and Deposition Lithification (compaction and cementation) Over time, sediments are compressed by overlying weight of other sediments Cementation is the process of filling in the gaps in sediments with minerals that gel them together

GRAND CANYON PHENOMENON Revised Ideas Describe in detail how this landform was created. Be sure to explain the three main steps. What information can scientists gain from studying this landform?