What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases? Unit 13 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases? Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 1

Unit 13 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases? 2

Unit 13 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases? What’s the Matter? Matter has mass and volume. It cannot be created or destroyed. Mass is the amount of matter in something. Volume is the amount of space something takes up. Here’s a riddle for you: Which weighs more, a kilogram of feathers or a kilogram of sand? 3

Which plate has more volume? Which ball has more mass? Unit 13 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases? More Properties Which plate has more volume? Which ball has more mass? 4

More Properties All matter has physical properties. Unit 13 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases? More Properties All matter has physical properties. Mass and volume are also physical properties. Volume is the amount of space something takes up. Many tools can be used to measure volume. Mass is the amount of matter in an object. Mass can be measured by using a balance. 5

Unit 13 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases? Matter Has Properties You can observe a physical property without changing the matter into a new substance. Odor, texture, and color are some physical properties. Blind fold activity 6

Unit 13 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases? Matter Has Properties 7

Unit 13 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases? What’s the Matter? 8

Why balloons float in the air? Unit 13 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases? More Properties Why balloons float in the air? 9

More Properties Density is another physical property of matter. Unit 13 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases? More Properties Density is another physical property of matter. Density is found by dividing the mass of an object by its volume. 10

More Properties Unit 13 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases? 11

States of Matter-Group activity Unit 13 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases? States of Matter-Group activity Another physical property of matter is its state. Solid, liquid, and gas are the most common states of matter on Earth. 12

States of Matter Unit 13 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases? Word bank: Liquid Solid Gas 13

More Properties Temperature is also a physical property of matter. Unit 13 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases? More Properties Temperature is also a physical property of matter. Temperature is a measure of the energy of motion of the particles in matter. Temperature can be measured by using a thermometer. 14

States of Matter Matter is made up of tiny particles. Unit 13 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases? States of Matter Matter is made up of tiny particles. The particles in solids, liquids, and gases have different amounts of energy. The amount of energy affects how fast the particles move and how close together they are. 15

States of Matter Unit 13 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases? 16

As you observe and read, name 3 things that are being compared. Unit 13 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases? As you observe and read, name 3 things that are being compared. States of Matter A solid is a substance with a definite shape and volume. A liquid is a substance that has a definite volume but does not have a definite shape. A gas is a substance that does not have a definite shape or volume. Demonstrate using beaker, flask + table of definite and indefinite 17

Unit 13 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases? States of Matter The particles in a solid do not move from place to place. Because the particles in a solid cannot move, it has the same shape and volume no matter what container it is in. Question: shape and volume of liquid and why(particles) 18

Unit 13 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases? States of Matter The particles in a liquid cannot move as freely as particles in a gas. The particles in liquids slide past one another, so a liquid takes the shape of its container. The particles in liquids cannot move very far from one another. So, a liquid has the same volume no matter what container it is in. Question: shape and volume of liquids and why ( particles) 19

Unit 13 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases? States of Matter The shape and volume of something depends on its state. Gas particles are far apart. They can move around without affecting one another. Gases take the shape and volume of their container. The gas particles spread out to fill the container. Shape and volume of gases and why ( particles) 20

A Matter of Temperature – flipped ED puzzle Unit 13 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases? A Matter of Temperature – flipped ED puzzle The temperature of matter changes when it takes in or releases energy. Changes in the amount of energy in matter can cause the matter to change state. 21

A Matter of Temperature Unit 13 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases? A Matter of Temperature When a gas releases energy, its temperature goes down until it condenses, or changes to a liquid. When a liquid releases energy, its temperature goes down until it freezes, or changes to a solid. When a solid takes in energy, its temperature rises until it melts, or changes to a liquid. When a liquid takes in energy, its temperature rises until it evaporates, or changes to a gas. 22

A Matter of Temperature Unit 13 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases? A Matter of Temperature Evaporation is slower and happens only at a liquid’s surface Boiling is faster and happens throughout the liquid Both boiling and evaporation turn liquids into gases. 23

A Matter of Temperature Unit 13 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases? A Matter of Temperature Liquid Gas Evaporate Melt Condense Increase Energy 24

A Matter of Temperature Unit 13 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases? A Matter of Temperature The temperature at which a certain type of matter freezes or melts is the same. For water, the melting and freezing points are 0 °C. The temperature at which a certain type of matter condenses or boils is the same. Liquid water boils at 100 °C. Water vapor condenses at 100 °C. Evaporation can happen at temperatures below the boiling temperature. 25

Properties of Solids, Liquids, and Gases Unit 13 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases? Properties of Solids, Liquids, and Gases Each state of matter has different physical properties. Liquids and gases can flow. Different liquids may flow at different rates. Gases can expand, taking up more space, or compress, taking up less space. Solids have definite textures and shapes. The shape of some solids can be changed easily. 26

Properties of Solids, Liquids, and Gases Unit 13 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases? Properties of Solids, Liquids, and Gases Textures Compressed Solids Liquids flow Each state of matter has unique properties 27

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Unit 13 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases? 29