2.3b: Cell Structure: What are Cells Made of?

2 Basic types of Cells Comparison of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells DNA Single “naked” circle; plasmids Stored in membrane-bound nucleus Membrane-enclosed organelles NO YES Examples Bacteria Fungi, plants, animals, protists

Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Eukaryotic cells- DNA in a membrane-enclosed nucleus. (primary distinguisher) Membrane-enclosed organelles Prokaryotic cells- No nucleus, no membrane bound organelles.

Eukaryotic Cells

Plasma Membrane and Cytosol Plasma Membrane (cell membrane_ Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic cells a double layer of phospholipids, and special proteins. Function- control what goes in and out of the cell. Some molecules can go through the cell membrane in and out of the cell and some can't, We call this semipermeable! It is almost as if the membrane chooses what enters and leaves the cell.

Plasma Membrane and Cytosol Important for homeostasis! Cytosol Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells Made mostly of water and enzymes Everything in the cell – (the nucleus and the organelles) sit in the cytosol. Cytoplasm- cytosol and all the organelles, but not the nucleus.