QOTD Tie-in: Migrant Workers 2012 highest proportion of foreign workers – Kuwait, Qatar, and the UAE – ‘kafala’ system in UAE Top remittance recipient countries 2013 – India, China, Philippines, Mexico, France Everett Lee model (1966) puts the decision to migrate and the process of migration into the following four categories: (1) Factors associated with the area of origin are perceived more accurately however positive or negative (2) Factors associated with the area of destination are more superficial (3) Intervening obstacles – phys. barriers, distance, transportation, government restrictions (4) Personal factors – balancing knowledge of origin with knowledge of destination; resistance vs. willingness

Incentives to Migrate Push Negative home conditions that impel the decision to migrate Pull the presumed positive attractions at the destination Social Factors Econ. Factors Env. Factors Barriers to Migration Physical Geographical obstacles – rivers, oceans, mountains Economic Cost of traveling and establishing residence Cultural Family, religion, ethnicity, community relationships, fear of change Political Restrictions on migration at govt. level Place Utility – the measure of a person’s satisfaction with a location. Migration results when ‘home’ has a significantly lower ‘place utility’ than allowable alternatives AND alternatives meet a minimum aspiration level