- Connectors: Conjuncts Cohesive links - Connectors: Conjuncts May Horverak 2014

Connectors Function Co-ordinating conjunctions combining main clauses Subordinating conjunctions Introducing subclauses Conjuncts; (Can be used in the beginning of sentences, followed by a comma)   Additive (tillegg) and or Furthermore In addition Besides Likewise Similarly As well as For instance Adversative (motsetning) But although even though whereas However Nevertheless Yet On the one hand, on the other hand On the contrary Despite this May Horverak 2014

Causal (årsak) For because as since Consequently As a result So Therefore Hence That being so For this reason From this According to Temporal (tid)   when after before once until while First/Firstly Second/Secondly Third/Thirdly Finally Then Next At the same time To sum up In conclusion Conditional (forutsetning) if as long as May Horverak 2014

conjuncts Conjuncts are often added in the beginning of a sentence to indicate what relation this sentence has to the preceding sentence. They may also occur in other positions. Additive (add an element) Furthermore, In addition, Besides, Likewise, Similarly, As well as, For instance When I hear that song, I think about poverty. Furthermore/In addition, I think about how sudden life may end. I think the text is about feeling alone. For instance, nobody is there to help when help is needed. Adversative (present a contradiction) However, Nevertheless, Yet, On the one hand, on the other hand, On the contrary, Despite this The text makes me feel sad. However, it gives me comfort as well. The song has a sad ending. Nevertheless, it gives a notion of hope and love. On the one hand, people have opportunities to do as they like. On the other hand, there may be circumstances preventing some people from feeling free. I did not understand all the words in the song. Despite this, I liked it very much. May Horverak 2014

Conjuncts Causal (present a reason) Temporal (indicate time) Consequently, As a result, So, Therefore, Hence, That being so, For this reason, From this, According to People in the ghetto are used to violence and losses. Consequently/As a result/Hence/So/Therefore, rap lyrics often have a sad mood. Temporal (indicate time) First/Firstly, Second/Secondly, Third/Thirdly, Finally, Then, Next, At the same time, To sum up, In conclusion  These expressions are useful when organising a text; First, I will write about values in the American society. Second, I will describe some social issues that present challenges for the Americans. To sum up/In conclusion, the text tells us something about challenges in the American society. Notice the commas following the conjuncts May Horverak 2014

Exercises Identify conjuncts in an example-essay presented in NDLA, link: http://ndla.no/en/node/9076?fag=71082&meny=108634 What type of function do the various conjuncts have? Look through what you have written previously and identify conjuncts. Add at least five conjuncts in different places, or write new sentences about the same topic linked by conjuncts. May Horverak 2014