Caves.

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Presentation transcript:

Caves

A. Groundwater Erosion & Deposition Most groundwater contains some acid (carbonic acid) Leaves groundwater slightly acidic and can dissolve some types of rocks Mainly limestone

B. Cave Formation I. Limestone dissolves but precipitates (reforms) elsewhere

Some are dry, others flooded II. Cave – natural underground opening with a connection to Earth’s surface Some are dry, others flooded Practically all big caves are formed when groundwater dissolves limestone Most develop in Zone of Saturation Cracks become larger, water table drops

III. Cave Deposits a. stalactites – hang from the ceiling (c = ceiling) b. stalagmites – build from the bottom up (g=ground) c. dripstone column – forms when stalactites and stalagmites meet

Stalactites Dripstone column Stalagmites

C. Karst Topography Limestone regions with sinkholes (collapsed ground) and sinking streams (run from surface into cave systems) Ex. Kentucky

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