INPUT DATA REQUIREMENTS MODULE 1 INPUT DATA REQUIREMENTS

TYPES OF INPUT DATA Source/spill data Meteorological data Site data Receptor data Air quality data (background, ambient and indoor) Deposition data Risk data

NEED FOR INPUT DATA To assure optimum performance of the model To find the possible source of emissions and rectify it

SOURCE/SPILL DATA Emission rate Physical and chemical data Geometry and location of source Plant operation Terrain features near the source Fraction of liquid, gas and aerosol

METEOROLOGICAL DATA Typical meteorological data include Wind velocity Cloud cover and net radiation Temperature Turbulence Relative humidity Atmospheric stability

Meteorological stations Meteorological data are collected by weather bureau pollution control agencies industries and local universities Meteorological stations Generally one for flat terrain and more than one for complex terrain.

SITE DATA A Site map shows location of sources dimensions of nearby buildings terrain features (urban/rural) surface roughness Other equipment locations Plant boundaries Site data helps in classifying downwash conditions

Point or site where air pollution concentration is measured is called the receptor site Common grids used for placing receptor sites are: Square grid Rectangular grid Circular grid Irregular grid

SQUARE GRID CIRCULAR GRID

Location or placing of receptor points The receptor points should be located in a manner that Points of maximum concentration should be spotted Sensitive places like schools, day care centers, hospitals, old age homes etc. are included Highly populated areas and water bodies are covered

BACKGROUND AIR QUALITY DATA At any time there is some concentration of pollutant which is present in the atmosphere due to natural sources as well as unidentified man made sources. Important factors to be considered for background air quality data are: the point or area where there is a conjunction of all the sources the point of maximum impact from the source the area of maximum impact from other (nearby) sources.

AIR QUALITY DATA Background concentration Ambient air concentration Indoor concentration

DEPOSITION DATA The pollutant after its release into the atmosphere gets deposited on Water Land Vegetation Snow Data required: Deposition velocity, Precipitation rate These deposition data are then used to estimate risk through non-inhalation pathways

The risk data includes the following: Exposed population Exposure routes Inhalation route Non-inhalation route Unit risk factors Potency slopes Chronic reference dose

The chemicals are classified as either carcinogenic or non-carcinogenic Exposures may be intermittent chronic Multi exposure pathways for each chemical should be studied

Primary pathways are those in which the pollutant enters the human body directly. The data are required for the following primary pathways: dermal exposure water ingestion crop ingestion (direct deposition) soil ingestion

Secondary pathways are those in which the pollutants are acquired by humans from a source which is infected by the pollutant already. The data are required for the following secondary pathways: Mother`s milk Fish ingestion Crop ingestion (root uptake) Poultry meat and eggs Meat (others) Dairy products

The slope factor for a chemical relates the chronic dose to the lifetime risk. Slope factor = risk / unit dose For a non-carcinogenic chemical Hazard index = dose / chronic reference dose