What are the main cell parts? Chapter 2.3 What are the main cell parts?

Three main parts of a cell: Cell membrane Cytoplasm Nucleus

Cell membrane: Cell membrane: a thin covering that surrounds (covers) a cell. It has 3 important functions (jobs): -protects the inside of a cell -supports and gives a cell its shape -controls movement of materials in and out of a cell

Cell membrane - lipid bilayer: Lipid bilayer- double-layered sheet that make up the core of all cell membranes

Cytoplasm: Cytoplasm: is a gel-like substance inside the cell where most organelles are. Also, it’s a place where most activities take place. It holds organelles in their places. Organelle is a specialized structure that performs an important function inside a cell (ex. mitochondria, ribosomes etc).

Nucleus: Nucleus: is a control center of a cell. It controls all activities inside a cell. Nucleus is covered with the nuclear membrane- a thin layer that covers the nucleus. Inside the nucleus is DNA that has information on how cell is supposed to function.

Eukaryotes vs. Prokaryotes ‘Eu’ = true ‘Pro’ = not true Cells are divided into 2 categories: Eukaryotes Prokaryotes

Eukaryotes Eukaryote- an organism that has a TRUE nucleus. They have organelles that perform important functions (ex: in plant and animal cells).

Prokaryote Prokaryote- a single-celled microorganism that DOES NOT have a nucleus (ex: bacteria, some algae)

Cell Comparison

Prokaryote Eukaryote Both No nucleus or nucleolus Has a nucleus and a nucleolus Both contain DNA Genetic material floats in cytoplasm Genetic material in enclosed in a nucleus Both have a cell membrane Simple cell (bacteria) Are in most plants and animals Both have ribosomes Bacteria divide by binary fission Divides by mitosis Both have a similar basic metabolism

Review: What are 3 main parts of a cell?

What is the function of the cell membrane?

What is the role of cytoplasm?

What is the role of nucleus?

What is an eukaryote?

What is a lipid bilayer?

Checking concepts: All the life processes of a cell are controlled by the _________________. The three main parts of the cell are the nucleus, the cell membrane and the ______________. The _______________controls the movement of materials into and out of a cell. Most cell parts are located in the ________________.

Checking concepts: 5. Almost all cell membranes have ___________________ . 6. A cell that does not have a true nucleus is called _______________. 7. An eukaryote has a nucleus and __________________ that perform important jobs inside the cell. 8. Organelles are placed in ______________.