Chapter 13 A TURBULENT DECADE The American Nation In the Modern Era 5/23/2019 Chapter 13 A TURBULENT DECADE Section 1: Postwar Troubles Section 2: The Republicans in Power Section 3: A Nation Divided CHAPTER 13--A TURBULENT DECADE

Objectives: Section 1: Postwar Troubles What were some of the economic outcomes of demobilization? What were the main causes of the strikes of 1919, and how did most Americans react to the strikes? What caused the public hysteria of the Red Scare? Why did the Sacco and Vanzetti trial arouse public interest?

Economic outcomes of demobilization Section 1: Postwar Troubles Economic outcomes of demobilization unemployment loss of jobs for women rise in prices, then a fall fall in agricultural prices

Strikes of 1919 Section 1: Postwar Troubles Main causes of the strikes inflation low wages long work hours Reaction to strikes violence workers lost jobs accusations of radicalism and communism

Causes of the Red Scare Section 1: Postwar Troubles fear of a Bolshevik revolution in the U.S. strikes of 1919 bomb scares of 1919 the Palmer raids

Reasons for public interest in the Sacco and Vanzetti trial Section 1: Postwar Troubles Reasons for public interest in the Sacco and Vanzetti trial Americans were deeply divided over the trial. Some believed that Sacco and Vanzetti deserved punishment. Others thought that they were convicted only because they were immigrants and radicals.

Objectives: Section 2: The Republicans in Power How did Republican policies encourage economic growth in the 1920s? How did the Harding administration’s pro-business policies affect the U.S. economy? Why did the movement to pass the Equal Rights Amendment fail? How did the Republican Party overcome the political scandals of the Harding administration? What issues affect the outcome of the 1928 election?

Republican policies to encourage growth Section 2: The Republicans in Power Republican policies to encourage growth cuts in government spending to reduce debt the Fordney-McCumber Tariff, also to reduce debt tax cut for the wealthy to encourage growth attempts by government and courts to roll back previous gains by labor

Positive effects Negative effects Section 2: The Republicans in Power boom in industry economic growth Negative effects mergers continuing struggles for the workers who were not part of the prosperity continuing struggles for farmers continuing struggles for organized labor

Failure of the movement to pass the Equal Rights Amendment Section 2: The Republicans in Power Failure of the movement to pass the Equal Rights Amendment Some women opposed the ERA, believing that it would cause legislation regulating their hours and working conditions to be declared illegal. The movement did not gather political support and ultimately failed.

Overcoming the scandals of the Harding administration Section 2: The Republicans in Power Overcoming the scandals of the Harding administration Coolidge fired many people who had been involved in the scandals. Coolidge’s stern personality provided a contrast to Harding. Coolidge continued Harding’s popular pro-business policies.

Issues affecting the 1928 election Section 2: The Republicans in Power Issues affecting the 1928 election the nation’s prosperity Smith’s Catholicism Smith’s opposition to prohibition Democratic attempts to be progressive and liberal

Objectives: Section 3: A Nation Divided Why did many Americans support the Ku Klux Klan, and why did that support decline? How did African Americans combat discrimination and violence? Why did many Americans demand restrictions on immigration? Why did Mexican immigration increase during the 1920s? What actions did American Indians take to protect their land?

Rise of the Ku Klux Klan Section 3: A Nation Divided racism toward African Americans hostility towards those with different religions, ethnic backgrounds, or political views fear and suspicion during the Red Scare

Fall of the Klan Section 3: A Nation Divided decrease in Red Scare tension publicity about the Klan’s terrorism corruption and scandal within the Klan

African American response to discrimination and violence Section 3: A Nation Divided African American response to discrimination and violence The NAACP organized an antilynching campaign. A. Philip Randolph established the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters. Marcus Garvey supported black nationalism and founded the UNIA.

American demands for immigration restrictions Section 3: A Nation Divided American demands for immigration restrictions increases in immigration belief that immigrants were political radicals who took jobs from native-born Americans

Increases in Mexican immigration Section 3: A Nation Divided Increases in Mexican immigration Mexicans not affected by limits on immigration employers in the Southwest eager for low-wage workers

Actions by American Indians Section 3: A Nation Divided Actions by American Indians organized to stop Harding administration from buying back all tribal lands organized to fight the Barsum Bill built inter-tribal support under leadership of the Pueblo tribes