Ions.

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Presentation transcript:

Ions

IONS IONS are atoms or groups of atoms with a positive or negative charge. Taking away an electron from an atom gives a CATION with a positive charge Adding an electron to an atom gives an ANION with a negative charge. To tell the difference between an atom and an ion, look to see if there is a charge in the superscript! Examples: Na+ Ca+2 I- O-2 Na Ca I O

Forming Cations & Anions A CATION forms when an atom loses one or more electrons. An ANION forms when an atom gains one or more electrons F + e- --> F- Mg --> Mg2+ + 2 e-

PREDICTING ION CHARGES In general metals (Mg) lose electrons ---> cations nonmetals (F) gain electrons ---> anions

Learning Check – Counting State the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in each of these ions. 39 K+ 16O -2 41Ca +2 19 8 20 #p+ ______ ______ _______ #no ______ ______ _______ #e- ______ ______ _______

One Last Learning Check Write the nuclear symbol form for the following atoms or ions: A. 8 p+, 8 n, 8 e- ___________ B. 17p+, 20n, 17e- ___________ C. 47p+, 60 n, 46 e- ___________

Charges on Common Ions +4 or -4 -3 -2 -1 +1 +3 +2 By losing or gaining e-, atom has same number of e-’s as nearest Group 8A atom.