Cold War Conflict: AFGHANISTAN

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Presentation transcript:

Cold War Conflict: AFGHANISTAN 1979-1989 The temperature is medium. The Soviets were involving themselves in a pre-existing war. After Vietnam we probably weren’t going to get involved.

1979 : Civil War Communist-based PDPA (People’s Democratic Party of Afghanistan) has power Prime Minister Amin gains leadership Amin is pro-Western and rejects Muslim tradition Majority of Afghans (strong Muslims) become outraged / anti-government

Mujahdeen Guerilla force on a holy mission for Allah Declared “jihad” on Amin supporters 1,000’s of Afghan Muslims joined

Soviet hesitate to help… Afghan gov. begs for assistance to fight off rebels Soviets initially refuse to send troops Still wanted to maintain power of Amin government Soviet Leader Breshnev

C.I.A. sees opportunity! President Carter authorizes SECRET aid to the rebels (Mujahdeen) Goal was to induce Soviet military intervention U.S. wanted the Soviets to have their own “Vietnam”

Soviet Invasion: X-mas 1979 Initial mission---guard cities and installations Expanded into combat mission United Nations condemned invasion in January 1980 1980 Moscow Olympics boycotted

Problems Soviet army had NO anti-guerrilla training Not willing to admit they were fighting Afghan Civil War Perceived as foreign invaders, “infidels” Weather conditions / mountain terrain

1989 : Russians retreat

Effects Taliban gains power Contributed to rapid rise of Islamic fundamentalism in Central Asia Russia’s economy weakened Russian army demoralized / marginalized Communist Party --- Delegitimized

And the winner is… Who won?