Asexual and Sexual Reproduction

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Presentation transcript:

Asexual and Sexual Reproduction

Key Concepts and Vocabulary Differences between asexual and sexual reproduction What is a chromosome? Why do different cells have different numbers of chromosomes? Key Vocabulary: Asexual Sexual Chromosome Haploid Diploid

Asexual Reproduction Production of offspring that only requires one parent Parents and offspring have the same traits DNA of the offspring is identical to the parents Usually found in unicellular and other simple organisms What are some examples of organisms that reproduce asexually?

Types of Asexual Reproduction Binary fission – Mitosis – Budding – Fragmentation –

Types of Asexual Reproduction

Sexual Reproduction Production of offspring that requires two parents What two cells join together in sexual reproduction? Parents and offspring can have different traits The DNA of the offspring is a combination of DNA from both parents Most multicellular organisms reproduce sexually

Sexual Reproduction Sexual reproduction produces genetically diverse populations Why is genetic diversity important?

Chromosomes Structures that contain all the DNA that is passed from parents to offspring during reproduction Chromosomes are made of chromatin Chromatin is made of tightly wound DNA

Chromosomes Chromosomes have two parts – chromatids held together by a centromere Draw and label a diagram of a chromosome below: The chromatids are exact copies of each other

Chromosome Numbers Most cells in sexually reproducing organisms have two identical copies of each chromosome These cells are called diploid cells What does diploid mean? The two identical chromosomes are called homologous chromosomes What does homologous mean?

Chromosome Numbers Sperm and egg cells only contain one copy of each chromosome These cells are called haploid cells What does haploid mean? Why would sperm and egg cells only have one copy of each chromosome?

Human Chromosomes Human diploid cells have 46 total chromosomes How many different chromosomes do human cells have? How many chromosomes do human sperm and egg cells have?