Three-dimensional video and robot-assisted port-access mitral valve operation Hermann Reichenspurner, MD, PhD, Dieter H Boehm, MD, PhD, Helmut Gulbins, MD, Costas Schulze, MD, Stephen Wildhirt, MD, Armin Welz, MD, Christian Detter, MD, Bruno Reichart, MD The Annals of Thoracic Surgery Volume 69, Issue 4, Pages 1176-1181 (April 2000) DOI: 10.1016/S0003-4975(99)01561-1
Fig 1 Intraoperative set-up demonstrating the right anterior minithoracotomy and the dorso-cranially inserted minicamera being attached to the robotic arm for voice-activated camera guidance. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2000 69, 1176-1181DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(99)01561-1)
Fig 2 Helmet which allows three-dimensional display of the endoscopic image in front of the surgeon’s eyes, just above the real surgical image (courtesy of Vista, Inc, Westborough, MA). The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2000 69, 1176-1181DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(99)01561-1)
Fig 3 Postoperative result of skin incision. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2000 69, 1176-1181DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(99)01561-1)