Unit 5 American History II

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Presentation transcript:

Unit 5 American History II Rise of Dictators and Beginning of World War II

Causes Treaty of Versailles (End WWI in 1919) Germany pay reparations (money for damages) War Guilt Clause (accept guilt for WWI) Result in Germany entering depression German people humiliated and upset

Rise of Dictators in Europe Benito Mussolini Establish Fascist government in Italy in 1922 Fascism (totalitarian government Based on nationalism (loyalty to country) Military expansion Lots of government control (censorship and government control of radios, newspapers, etc) Anticommunist

Rise of Nazism Adolf Hitler Chancellor of Germany in 1933 Installs Nazi government Nationalism (loyalty to country) Racism- create Aryan race Military expansion Lots of government control- censorship and government controlled radios, newspapers, etc Anticommunist

Stalin and Soviet Union 1917 Russian Revolution Led by Vladimir Lenin Install Communism (become Soviet Union) Lots of government control- censorship and government control of radios, newspapers, etc One political party Based on a “classless” society where everyone shares equally Joseph Stalin becomes leader in 1924

Emperor Hirohito of Japan Empire of Japan Military dictatorship Need for more land for a growing population Emperor Hirohito of Japan

Expansion of Dictators Japan Invade Manchuria (Northern China) in 1931 Italy Invade Ethiopia (Africa) in 1935 Germany Take Austria and Sudetenland in 1937 1939- take Czechoslovakia 1939- Invade Poland (Sept. 1, 1939- WWII begins)

German Tactics Blitzkreig “Lightning War” Attack quickly and with all your might Goal- end battle as quick as possible

Responses to Expansion Munich Agreement European Leaders meet with Hitler in Munich Agree to let Hitler keep areas he invaded Hitler promises to stop Hitler will go back on his promise Hitler invades Poland on Sept. 1, 1939- WWII begins United States Remain neutral and not get involved

Alliances of WWII Alliances Allied Powers Axis Powers Britain Germany France Axis Powers Germany Japan Italy

Hitler and Stalin Soviet Union and Germany have two agreements Non-aggression Pact Agree not to invade each other Secretly divide Poland after war

US Response Neutrality Acts 1940- Lend-Lease Plan US refuses to trade with any nation involved in war 1940- Lend-Lease Plan US will lend or lease arms to any nation who is resisting Nazi aggression Atlantic Charter (1941) President Roosevelt and British leader Winston Churchill agree to an alliance

Why does US enter???? Dec. 7, 1941 Japanese bomb and attack Pearl Harbor Led by Hideki Tojo President Roosevelt asks Congress for a declaration of war the next day

Why does Soviet Union enter WWII?? 1941- Hitler invades Soviet Union Defies non-aggression Pact Soviet Union enters on Allied side Allied Powers Great Britain France Soviet Union- enter in 1941 United States- enter after Pearl Harbor Axis Powers Germany Italy Empire of Japan