Unit III: Early Religions Zoroastrianism Founded by Zoroaster, a Persian priest who lived ~ 700 – 600 BC. He received a revelation; the world was ruled by one God, not many – Ahura Mazda. He spent his life preaching his revelation and converted the peoples of the Iran (Persia) and Iraq (Babylonia).

Zoroaster

Legends of Zoroaster Conceived in a flash of light – virgin birth. Born laughing, not crying Engaged wise men in debate at a young age Tamed wild beasts, performed healings, drove off evil spirits At 30, went to the desert, received his revelation.

Beliefs Ahura Mazda is the creator, good. Angra Mainyu opposes him, represents the forces of chaos, evil (nearly as powerful) 12000 year battle between them People must ally themselves with Ahura Mazda against the forces of darkness.

Ahura Mazda

Traditional Death Rituals Bodies returned to nature, no burial, no cremation Placed in a Dakhma, a round open air tower The elements and scavengers destroy the body

Dakhma

Modern Practices They adapt to the countries they live in Ritual washing of the body

The Soul The Soul is accompanied by a “guardian spirit (angel)” to the Bridge of the Separator Their deeds are judged. Go to heaven or hell.

Sacred Writings The Avestan Scriptures (Five Parts) Hymns, prayers, laws, teachings The Gathas are the spiritual core of the Yasna liturgy

Symbols Fire Represents the divine presence Burns continuously in the sanctuary. A priest maintains it

Sacred Fire

Zoroastrians today 140 000 world wide India (Parsis) –mostly in Mumbai (Bombay) Iran Us and Canada -- 12000

Film The Story of Zoroastrianism http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GGRgzFLcMMQ&feature=related 8:26