Vesicoureteric Reflux in Children

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Vesicoureteric Reflux in Children Khalid Ismaili, Fred E. Avni, Amy Piepsz, Frank Collier, Claude Schulman, Michelle Hall EAU-EBU Update Series Volume 4, Issue 4, Pages 129-140 (August 2006) DOI: 10.1016/j.eeus.2006.05.005 Copyright © 2006 European Association of Urology and European Board of Urology Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 Radiographic grades of reflux according to the International Reflux Study Committee. Grade I, ureter only. EAU-EBU Update Series 2006 4, 129-140DOI: (10.1016/j.eeus.2006.05.005) Copyright © 2006 European Association of Urology and European Board of Urology Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 Radiographic grades of reflux according to the International Reflux Study Committee. Grade II, ureter and upper collecting system without dilatation. EAU-EBU Update Series 2006 4, 129-140DOI: (10.1016/j.eeus.2006.05.005) Copyright © 2006 European Association of Urology and European Board of Urology Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 Radiographic grades of reflux according to the International Reflux Study Committee. Grade III, mild or moderate dilatation of ureter and renal pelvis, but no or slight blunting of fornices. EAU-EBU Update Series 2006 4, 129-140DOI: (10.1016/j.eeus.2006.05.005) Copyright © 2006 European Association of Urology and European Board of Urology Terms and Conditions

Fig. 4 Radiographic grades of reflux according to the International Reflux Study Committee. Grade IV, moderate dilatation and/or tortuosity of ureter with moderate dilatation of renal pelvis and calyces and complete obliteration of sharp angles of fornices, but maintenance of papillary impressions and the majority of calyces. EAU-EBU Update Series 2006 4, 129-140DOI: (10.1016/j.eeus.2006.05.005) Copyright © 2006 European Association of Urology and European Board of Urology Terms and Conditions

Fig. 5 Radiographic grades of reflux according to the International Reflux Study Committee. Grade V, gross dilatation and tortuosity of ureters, renal pelves, and calyces; papillary impressions are not visible in the majority of calyces. EAU-EBU Update Series 2006 4, 129-140DOI: (10.1016/j.eeus.2006.05.005) Copyright © 2006 European Association of Urology and European Board of Urology Terms and Conditions