7th Grade Social Studies Governments of Africa 7th Grade Social Studies

ss7cg2 SS7CG2: The student will explain the structure of the modern governments of Africa

SS7CG2a SS7CG2a: Compare the republican systems of government in the republic of Kenya and the republic of South Africa, distinguishing the form of leadership and the role of the citizen in terms of voting and personal freedoms.

Republic of Kenya (I) President, prime minister, and legislators are elected using free elections Higher amount of personal freedoms than found in most other African nations

Republic of Kenya (II) Kenya has undergone dramatic changes in its government since the controversial presidential election of 2007 Presidential power has been limited

Republic of South Africa (I) Members of the legislature (National Assembly) are elected using the free elections Afterwards, the members of the National Assembly (and the prime minister) elect the president

Republic of South Africa (II) Since the end of apartheid in the mid-1990s, all South Africans (of all ethnic groups) and races) can be involved in the government All South African citizens have equal rights, are allowed to vote, and can hold office

ss7cg2b SS7CG2b: Explain how political, economic, and social conflicts resulted in the independence of South Sudan

Independence in south Sudan (i) Due to European partitioning of Africa over 100 years earlier, conflict existed in Sudan There were distinct differences between the northern and southern regions of the country

Independence in south Sudan (II) Political Conflict: As Sudan gained independence during the 1950’s, the individuals in the North gained more political power Individuals in the South were dominated by the Northerners Since the 1950’s, the North has exercised political power over the South

Independence in south Sudan (iIi) Economic Conflict: There are more oil resources and water in the South Oil represents 70% of Sudan’s exports earnings The Government (centered in the North) wants to control these resources

Independence in south Sudan (iv) Social conflict: Most individuals in the North are Arabs Most individuals in the South belong to other ethnic groups