Edited by Ms Rayner ATAR Biology Yr 11 ATP Edited by Ms Rayner ATAR Biology Yr 11

What is ATP? ATP Provision of energy vital to ensure all essential life processes take place All cells use glucose as the primary source of energy to drive chemical reactions occurring in cells When glucose is broken down in the process of aerobic cellular respiration, the large amount of energy contained within it is released This released energy is trapped & stored in small packets in many high energy molecules called Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Therefore ATP is an energy storage molecule The cell accesses the energy contained in ATP to power all cell functioning Active transport, protein synthesis, meiosis, mitosis, movement, cell organisation, communication ATP is a small mobile molecule that can deliver the energy to wherever it is required

What is ATP? ATP Composed of a complex molecule called adenosine (adenine attached to a ribose sugar) which is attached to three phosphate groups The third phosphate group is a high-energy bond When energy is required by the cell, this bond is broken & the energy it contains is released ADP (adenosine diphosphate) and a free phosphate group is formed To store energy produced by the cell, a free phosphate group is attached to the ADP molecule by a high energy bond, forming ATP

ATP Energy is transferred between reactions Cells use the chemical energy released from exergonic reactions to fuel endergonic reactions. This transfer is achieved by a molecule called adenine triphosphate (ATP). ATP is a nucleotide containing adenosine attached to a sugar group (ribose), which is bound to a chain of three phosphate groups. ATP is readily moved around the cell. ATP is an energy carrier in all living cells. It couples energy-releasing reactions with energy requiring ones. Hydrolysis of ATP removes the 3rd phosphate from the molecule and releases energy. This leave adenine diphosphate (ADP) and a free inorganic phosphate. This reaction is sped up by the enzyme ATPase. The ATP–ADP cycle shuttles energy between reactions

ATP-ADP Cycle Cells use chemical energy released from exergonic reactions to fuel endergonic reactions Exergonic reactions release energy Endergonic reactions require energy This transfer is achieved by ATP Hydrolysis of ATP removes the third phosphate from the molecule & releases energy Hydrolysis = chemical breakdown of a compound due to reaction with water Leaving adenine diphosphate (ADP) & a free inorganic phosphate Reaction is sped up by the enzyme ATPase

ATP-ADP Cycle Video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=00jbG_cfGuQ

Try not to use your notes or textbook ATP-ADP Cycle Explain how the ATP-ADP cycle works Draw a flowchart explaining the ATP-ADP cycle Explain the relationship between ADP, ATP and ATPase Try not to use your notes or textbook