Macromolecules

Nucleic Acids Building Block = Nucleotides Base Sugar-Phosphate backbone

Nucleic Acids Elements: C, H, O, N, P

Nucleic Acids Carry genetic information responsible for all life functions

Nucleic Acids Deoxyribonucleic Acid Ribonucleic Acid

Proteins

Proteins Building Block = amino acid (aa) Linked by peptide bonds There are 20 varieties of aa found in our bodies Linked by peptide bonds Elements: C, H, O, N

Proteins Provide structure in living things Speed up chemical reactions in the body as enzymes

Proteins Enzymes AKA polypeptides

Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates Building Block = monosaccharide (simple sugar)

Carbohydrates Short term energy source for living things Elements: C, H, O

Carbohydrates Chemicals ending in –ose Plant parts Starch Glycogen Glucose Fructose Galactose Lactose Plant parts Starch Glycogen Cellulose

Lipids

Lipids Building Blocks = fatty acids & triglycerides Elements: C,H, O

Lipids Store long term energy Form membranes in cells Form hormones (signaling molecules) Vitamins Cushioning Warmth

Lipids Fats Oils Cholesterol Wax Vitamins A, D, E, & K Monoglycerides Phospholipids Steroids