Composition of Seawater

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Presentation transcript:

Composition of Seawater Dissolved Substances Practice

What percentage of Sea Water weight is dissolved substances? 3.5%

What are the top 5 components of seawater? Oxygen, hydrogen, chloride, sodium, sulfate

What are the 3 main dissolved gases? Nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide

Which gas is most abundant? Nitrogen

How does nitrogen enter seawater Exchange with the atmosphere

Give 2 ways oxygen enters seawater. Exchange with atmosphere Photosynthesis

How does carbon dioxide enter seawater? Exchange with atmosphere Respiration

Why is there more oxygen than CO2 if photosynthesis occurs only at the top and respiration occurs at all depths? Because there are so many producers/phytoplankton

What are 3 biological processes that modify the concentration of gases at different depths? Photosynthesis Cellular respiration Decomposition

Which biological process occurs only at the surface? Photosynthesis

Which holds more dissolved gas: warm or cold? Cold water

Which holds more gas: less salty or more salty? Less salty water

Which holds more gas: high pressure or low pressure?

What does alkaline mean? A solution is basic (pH above 7)

What is the average pH of seawater? 8

What substance acts as a buffer in seawater? Calcium carbonate (CaCO3)

What 3 characteristics control the density of seawater? Temperature, salinity, pressure

What is the most important influence on the density of seawater? temperature

What is the greatest influence in density in polar oceans? salinity

What is a pycnocline? Abrupt change in density with depth

What is a thermocline? Abrupt change in temperature with depth

What does the prefix “iso” mean (as in isothermal and isopycnal) equal

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