Energy.

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Presentation transcript:

Energy

Energy Mechanical Nonmechanical Potential Kinetic Electrical Nuclear Chemical Elastic Gravitational

Mechanical Energy Mechanical energy is the sum of kinetic energy and potential energy ME = KE + PE

Conservation of ME MEi = MEf With friction, this is not true because some energy is lost to heat and sound.

Kinetic Energy KE = energy due to motion. KE = ½ mv2 Unit= the joule (J)

Potential Energy PE= stored energy GPE= energy due to position GPE = m· g· h

Elastic Potential Energy EPE = energy in a stretched or compressed elastic object EPE = ½ kx2

Spring Constant k = spring constant Spring constant expresses how resistant a spring is to being compressed or stretched.

Spring Constant Flexible spring = small k Stiff Spring = large k Spring constant = N/m

Work-kinetic energy theorem The net work done on an object is equal to the change in kinetic energy of object. Wnet = ½ mv2f – ½ mv2i F x d = ½ mv2f – ½ mv2i

Practice 1. Calculate the speed of an 8000 kg airliner with KE of 1.1 x 109 J. Knowns: m = 8000 kg, KE = 1.1 x 109 J Unknown: V = ? Equation: KE = ½ mv2 1.1 x 109 J = .5(8000)v2 = 524.4 m/s

Practice 2. A person kicks a 10kg sled, giving an initial speed of 2.2m/s. How far does it move if the force applied is 9.8 N? Known: m = 10kg, vi = 2.2m/s, vf = 0, F = 9.8 Unknown: d = ? Equation: F x d = ½ mv2f – ½ mv2i 9.8 x d = 0 - .5(10)2.22 D = 2.4 m

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