The Particle Theory of Matter

Matter is: anything that has mass and occupies space Made up of tiny particles The theory that describes the composition and behaviour of matter is called the particle theory of matter.

Particle Theory of Matter States: All matter is made of tiny particles.

2. All particles in one substance are identical 2. All particles in one substance are identical. (example: liquid water = ice = steam water) Different substances are made up of different particles.

Increasing in size of spaces 3. The spaces between particles are very large compared to the size of the particles themselves. The size of the spaces depend on the state of matter. Gas Liquid Solid Increasing in size of spaces

3. Particles are in constant random motion 4. Particles of a substance move faster as its temperature increases (more energy  move faster)

5. Particles attract each other 5. Particles attract each other. The greater the distance between the particles, the weaker the force

States of Matter

States of Matter

(A) Ice is warming up but hasn’t melted yet

Ice is warming up but hasn’t melted yet Water is going through solid/liquid phase transition. Energy added going to melting and not increase of temperature

Energy gained by water to increase in temperature Ice is warming up but hasn’t melted yet Water is going through solid/liquid phase transition. Energy added going to melting and not increase of temperature Energy gained by water to increase in temperature

Ice is warming up but hasn’t melted yet Water is going through solid/liquid phase transition. Energy added going to melting and not increase of temperature Energy gained by water to increase in temperature Water is going through liquid/gas phase transition. Energy added going to vaporizing water and not increase of temperature